scholarly journals Hope in Change: The Role of Root Plasticity in Crop Yield Stability

2016 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher N. Topp
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Root Plasticity

scholarly journals The crucial role of mulch to enhance the stability and resilience of cropping systems in southern Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blessing Mhlanga ◽  
Laura Ercoli ◽  
Elisa Pellegrino ◽  
Andrea Onofri ◽  
Christian Thierfelder
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability And Resilience

AbstractConservation agriculture has been promoted to sustainably intensify food production in smallholder farming systems in southern Africa. However, farmers have rarely fully implemented all its components, resulting in different combinations of no-tillage, crop rotation, and permanent soil cover being practiced, thus resulting in variable yield responses depending on climatic and soil conditions. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the effect of conservation agriculture components on yield stability. We hypothesized that the use of all three conservation agriculture components would perform the best, resulting in more stable production in all environments. We evaluated at, eight trial locations across southern Africa, how partial and full implementation of these components affected crop yield and yield stability compared with conventional tillage alone or combined with mulching and/or crop rotation. Grain yield and shoot biomass of maize and cowpea were recorded along with precipitation for 2 to 5 years. Across different environments, the addition of crop rotation and mulch to no-tillage increased maize grain by 6%, and the same practices added to conventional tillage led to 13% yield increase. Conversely, adding only mulch or crop rotation to no-tillage or conventional tillage led to lower or equal maize yield. Stability analyses based on Shukla’s index showed for the first time that the most stable systems are those in which mulch is added without crop rotation. Moreover, the highest yielding systems were the least stable. Finally, additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis allowed clarifying that mulch added to no-tillage gives stable yields on sandy soil with high rainfall. Similarly, mulch added to conventional tillage gives stable yield on sandy soil, but under low rainfall. This is the first study that highlighted the crucial role of mulch to enhance the stability and resilience of cropping systems in southern Africa, supporting their adaptability to climate change.

Regional factors of grain crop yield growth in the dynamics of recent years

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Yuriy P. Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Regional Factors

In view of the significant increase in grain production in Russia, a methodological approach is proposed to analyze the significance of regional factors of grain crop yield growth in the country in recent years, especially against the background of the lack of expansion of acreage under grain crops. Based on the results of the calculations, the effectiveness of the influence of climatic, financial, infrastructural and production factors on the growth of grain yield was described. It is concluded that various factors had different effects on the growth of grain crop yields in regions with high-, medium - and low-intensity grain production complex. The role of reducing the influence of financial factors on the growth of grain yields and a sharp increase in the role of agro-climatic conditions is noted. The revealed trend of increasing depreciation of fixed assets of agriculture as a whole is particularly emphasized, with a slight increase in the volume of their renewal and modernization in the leading regions in terms of grain crop yield growth. Without taking appropriate measures to reduce the depreciation of fixed assets in the near future, this will result in a sharp decline in the achieved volumes of grain production in the country.

Genetic mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance that translate to crop yield stability

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael V. Mickelbart ◽  
Paul M. Hasegawa ◽  
Julia Bailey-Serres
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

scholarly journals Substitution of Inorganic Nitrogen Fertilizer with Green Manure (GM) Increased Yield Stability by Improving C Input and Nitrogen Recovery Efficiency in Rice Based Cropping System

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qaswar ◽  
Jing ◽  
Ahmed ◽  
Shujun ◽  
Dongchu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Variability Index ◽  
Double Rice

A long-term field experiment was carried out (since 2008) for evaluating the effects of different substitution rates of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizer by green manure (GM) on yield stability and N balance under double rice cropping system. Treatments included, (1) N0 (no N fertilizer and no green manure); (2) N100 (recommended rate of N fertilizer and no green manure); (3) N100-M (recommended rate of N fertilizer and green manure); (4) N80-M (80% of recommended N fertilizer and green manure); (5) N60-M (60% of recommended N fertilizer and green manure); and (6) M (green manure without N fertilization). Results showed that, among all treatments, annual crop yield under N80-M treatment was highest. Crop yield did not show significant differences between N100-M and N80-M treatments. Substitution of different N fertilizer rates by GM reduced the yield variability index. Compared to the N0 treatment, yield variability index of early rice under N100-M, N80-M, and N60-M treatments was decreased by 11%, 26%, and 36%, respectively. Compared to the N0 treatment, yield variability index of late rice was decreased by 12%, 38%, 49%, 47%, and 24% under the N100, N100-M, N80-M, N60-M, and M treatments, respectively. During period of 2009–2013 and 2014–2018, nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE) was highest under N80-M treatment and N balance was highest under N100 treatment. NRE of all treatments with GM was increased over the time from 2009–2013 to 2014–2018. All treatments with GM showed increasing trend of SOC over the years. Substitution of N fertilizer by GM also increased C inputs and soil C:N ratio compared to the N100 and N0 treatments. Boosted regression model indicated that C input, N uptake and AN were most influencing factors of crop yield. Thus, we concluded that N fertilization rates should be reduced by 20% under GM rotation to attain high yield stability of double rice cropping system through increasing NRE and C inputs.

scholarly journals The Role of Trehalose 6-Phosphate in Crop Yield and Resilience

2018 ◽  
Vol 177 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Paul ◽  
Asier Gonzalez-Uriarte ◽  
Cara A. Griffiths ◽  
Keywan Hassani-Pak
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield

scholarly journals Global patterns of crop yield stability under additional nutrient and water inputs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. e0198748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Müller ◽  
Joshua Elliott ◽  
Thomas A. M. Pugh ◽  
Alex C. Ruane ◽  
Philippe Ciais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Global Patterns

scholarly journals The Physiological Role of Bio-Fertilizers in Improving the Crop Yield of Black Cumin and Common Bean Intercropping

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-101
Author(s):  
A. Pirzad ◽  
S. Davirani ◽  
J. Jalilian ◽  
E. Rezaei Chiyaneh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Black Cumin
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