scholarly journals Bioinformatics Reveal Five Lineages of Oleosins and the Mechanism of Lineage Evolution Related to Structure/Function from Green Algae to Seed Plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 169 (1) ◽  
pp. 453-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Der Huang ◽  
Anthony H.C. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Seed Plants

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis of plant multi-domain SEC14-like phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins and structure–function properties of PATELLIN2

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-678
Author(s):  
Karolin Montag ◽  
Jannik Hornbergs ◽  
Rumen Ivanov ◽  
Petra Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Modular Structure ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol Transfer ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol Transfer Proteins

Abstract Key message SEC14L-PITPs guide membrane recognition and signaling. An increasingly complex modular structure of SEC14L-PITPs evolved in land plants compared to green algae. SEC14/CRAL-TRIO and GOLD domains govern membrane binding specificity. Abstract SEC14-like phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (SEC14L-PITPs) provide cues for membrane identity by exchanging lipophilic substrates, ultimately governing membrane signaling. Flowering plant SEC14L-PITPs often have modular structure and are associated with cell division, development, and stress responses. Yet, structure–function relationships for biochemical–cellular interactions of SEC14L-PITPs are rather enigmatic. Here, we evaluate the phylogenetic relationships of the SEC14L-PITP superfamily in the green lineage. Compared to green algae, land plants have an extended set of SEC14L-PITPs with increasingly complex modular structure. SEC14-GOLD PITPs, present in land plants but not Chara, diverged to three functional subgroups, represented by the six PATELLIN (PATL) proteins in Arabidopsis. Based on the example of Arabidopsis PATL2, we dissect the functional domains for in vitro binding to phosphoinositides and liposomes and for plant cell membrane association. While the SEC14 domain and its CRAL-TRIO-N-terminal extension serve general membrane attachment of the protein, the C-terminal GOLD domain directs it to the plasma membrane by recognizing specific phosphoinositides. We discuss that the different domains of SEC14L-PITPs integrate developmental and environmental signals to control SEC14L-PITP-mediated membrane identity, important to initiate dynamic membrane events.

scholarly journals Diversity and Frequency of The Kind of Lichen in Gumitir Mountain area of Jember Regency

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Murdiyah ◽  
Pujiastuti Pujiastuti ◽  
Rino Tri Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
The Earth

The area of Indonesia is 1.3% of the Earth, but it has the highest level of biodiversity. Biodiversity in the environment needs to be explored. The mountain area is one of the most suitable environments for exploring biodiversity, such as the Gumitir Mountain. Gumitir Mountain has altitude around 620 meters above sea level. Gumitir Mountain has high biodiversity. Mosses (Bryophyta), ferns (Pteridophyta), till seed plants (Spermatophyta), and including Lichen was found in this area. Lichen is a mutualism symbiotic organism between fungi and green algae or blue-green algae that lives on the surface of the tree or another substrate with a variety of shapes and colours. This study aims to determine the diversity of kinds and frequencies of each kind of lichen found in the Gumitir Mountain area of Jember Regency. This research classified into exploratory research. Data retrieval is using the cruised method. Lichens are found in 20 species with Phlyctis arena (Ach.) Flot. as kind of lichen that is abundant in Gumitir Mountain Area.

scholarly journals Experimental taphonomy of organelles and the fossil record of early eukaryote evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. eabe9487
Author(s):  
Emily M. Carlisle ◽  
Melina Jobbins ◽  
Vanisa Pankhania ◽  
John A. Cunningham ◽  
Philip C. J. Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Decay Resistance ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Eukaryote Evolution ◽  
Experimental Taphonomy ◽  
Origin Of Eukaryotes

The timing of origin of eukaryotes and the sequence of eukaryogenesis are poorly constrained because their fossil record is difficult to interpret. Claims of fossilized organelles have been discounted on the unsubstantiated perception that they decay too quickly for fossilization. We experimentally characterized the pattern and time scale of decay of nuclei, chloroplasts, and pyrenoids in red and green algae, demonstrating that they persist for many weeks postmortem as physical substrates available for preservation, a time scale consistent with known mechanisms of fossilization. Chloroplasts exhibit greater decay resistance than nuclei; pyrenoids are unlikely to be preserved, but their presence could be inferred from spaces within fossil chloroplasts. Our results are compatible with differential organelle preservation in seed plants. Claims of fossilized organelles in Proterozoic fossils can no longer be dismissed on grounds of plausibility, prompting reinterpretation of the early eukaryotic fossil record and the prospect of a fossil record of eukaryogenesis.

Freeze-Fracture Replication in the Ultrastructure of Blue-Green Algae

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
L. V. Leak
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Photosynthetic Membranes ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Cellular Components

Electron microscopic observations of freeze-fracture replicas of Anabaena cells obtained by the procedures described by Bullivant and Ames (J. Cell Biol., 1966) indicate that the frozen cells are fractured in many different planes. This fracturing or cleaving along various planes allows one to gain a three dimensional relation of the cellular components as a result of such a manipulation. When replicas that are obtained by the freeze-fracture method are observed in the electron microscope, cross fractures of the cell wall and membranes that comprise the photosynthetic lamellae are apparent as demonstrated in Figures 1 & 2.A large portion of the Anabaena cell is composed of undulating layers of cytoplasm that are bounded by unit membranes that comprise the photosynthetic membranes. The adjoining layers of cytoplasm are closely apposed to each other to form the photosynthetic lamellae. Occassionally the adjacent layers of cytoplasm are separated by an interspace that may vary in widths of up to several 100 mu to form intralamellar vesicles.

A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Pro-Vascular Cellular Morphology in Chaetophora Incressata

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
A. E. Hotchkiss ◽  
A. T. Hotchkiss ◽  
R. P. Apkarian
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron

Multicellular green algae may be an ancestral form of the vascular plants. These algae exhibit cell wall structure, chlorophyll pigmentation, and physiological processes similar to those of higher plants. The presence of a vascular system which provides water, minerals, and nutrients to remote tissues in higher plants was believed unnecessary for the algae. Among the green algae, the Chaetophorales are complex highly branched forms that might require some means of nutrient transport. The Chaetophorales do possess apical meristematic groups of cells that have growth orientations suggestive of stem and root positions. Branches of Chaetophora incressata were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) for ultrastructural evidence of pro-vascular transport.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document