scholarly journals Fatty Acid Synthesis in Pea Root Plastids Is Inhibited by the Action of Long-Chain Acyl- Coenzyme As on Metabolite Transporters

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 1259-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon R. Fox ◽  
Stephen Rawsthorne ◽  
Matthew J. Hills
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Pea Root ◽  
Chain Acyl ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Inhibition by long-chain acyl-CoAs of glucose 6-phosphate metabolism in plastids isolated from developing embryos of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

2000 ◽  
Vol 348 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip E. JOHNSON ◽  
Simon R. FOX ◽  
Matthew J. HILLS ◽  
Stephen RAWSTHORNE
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Starch Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Pyruvate Metabolism ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Chain Acyl ◽  
Long Chain

The effects of long-chain acyl-CoA (lcACoA) esters (both added exogenously and synthesized de novo) and acyl-CoA binding protein (ACBP) on plastidial glucose 6-phosphate (Glc6P) and pyruvate metabolism were examined using isolated plastids. The binding of lcACoA esters by ACBP stimulated the utilization of Glc6P for fatty acid synthesis, starch synthesis and reductant supply via the oxidative pentose phosphate (OPP) pathway. Stimulation occurred at low (1-10 μM) concentrations of ACBP. Pyruvate-dependent fatty acid synthesis was not directly affected by ACBP. However, addition of ACBP did increase the Glc6P-dependent stimulation of pyruvate utilization mediated through the OPP pathway. On the basis of these experiments, we conclude that lcACoA esters may inhibit Glc6P uptake into plastids, and that this inhibition is relieved by ACBP. We also suggest that utilization of other substrates for fatty acid synthesis may be affected by lcACoA/ACBP via their effects on the OPP pathway.

scholarly journals The regulation of triglyceride synthesis and fatty acid synthesis in rat epididymal adipose tissue. Effects of insulin, adrenaline and some metabolites in vitro

1970 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Saggerson ◽  
A. L. Greenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Mass Action ◽  
Hexose Monophosphate ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Hexose Monophosphate Pathway ◽  
Long Chain

1. Adipose tissues from rats fed a balanced diet were incubated in the presence of glucose (20mm) with the following additions: insulin, anti-insulin serum, insulin+acetate, insulin+pyruvate, insulin+lactate, insulin+phenazine methosulphate, insulin+oleate+albumin, insulin+adrenaline+albumin, insulin+6-N-2′-O-dibutyryl 3′:5′-cyclic AMP+albumin. 2. Measurements were made of the whole tissue concentrations of adenine nucleotides, hexose phosphates, triose phosphates, glycerol 1-phosphate, 3 phosphoglycerate, 6-phosphogluconate, long-chain fatty acyl-CoA, acid-soluble CoA, citrate, isocitrate, malate and 2-oxoglutarate, and of the release into the incubation medium of lactate, pyruvate and glycerol after 1h of incubation. 3. Fluxes of [14C]glucose carbon through the major pathways of glucose metabolism were calculated from the yields of 14C in various products after 2h of incubation. Fluxes of [14C]acetate, [14C]pyruvate or [14C]lactate carbon in the presence of glucose were also determined. 4. Measurements were also made of the whole-tissue concentrations of metabolites in tissues taken directly from Nembutal-anaesthetized rats. 5. Whole tissue mass-action ratios for phosphofructokinase, phosphoglucose isomerase and the combined (aldolase×triose phosphate isomerase) reaction were similar in vivo and in vitro. The reactants of phosphofructokinase appeared to be far from mass-action equilibrium. In vitro, the reactants of hexokinase also appeared to be far from mass-action equilibrium. 6. Correlation of observed changes in glycolytic flux with changes in fructose 6-phosphate concentration suggested that phosphofructokinase may show regulatory behaviour. The enzyme appeared to be activated in the presence of oleate or adrenaline and to be inhibited in the presence of lactate or pyruvate. 7. Evidence is presented that the reactants of lactate dehydrogenase and glycerol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase may be near to mass-action equilibrium in the cytoplasm. 8. No satisfactory correlations could be drawn between the whole-tissue concentrations of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA, citrate and glycerol 1-phosphate and the observed rates of triglyceride and fatty acid synthesis. Under the conditions employed, the concentration of glycerol 1-phosphate appeared to depend mainly on the cytoplasmic [NAD+]/[NADH] ratios. 9. Calculated hexose monophosphate pathway flux rates roughly correlated with fatty acid synthesis rates and with whole tissue [6-phosphogluconate]/[glucose 6-phosphate] ratios. The relative rates of production of NADPH for fatty acid synthesis by the hexose monophosphate pathway and by the `malic enzyme' are discussed. It is suggested that all NADH produced in the cytoplasm may be used in that compartment for reductive synthesis of fatty acids, lactate or glycerol 1-phosphate.

Arabidopsis Bax inhibitor-1 interacts with enzymes related to very-long-chain fatty acid synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Nagano ◽  
Chikako Kakuta ◽  
Yoichiro Fukao ◽  
Masayuki Fujiwara ◽  
Hirofumi Uchimiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals TORC1 Inhibits GSK3-Mediated Elo2 Phosphorylation to Regulate Very Long Chain Fatty Acid Synthesis and Autophagy

Cell Reports ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2073-2074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Zimmermann ◽  
Aline Santos ◽  
Kenneth Gable ◽  
Sharon Epstein ◽  
Charulatha Gururaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Chain
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