scholarly journals Water Stress Inhibits Hydraulic Conductance and Leaf Growth in Rice Seedlings but Not the Transport of Water via Mercury-Sensitive Water Channels in the Root

1999 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongjin Lu ◽  
Peter M. Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Water Channels ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Rice Seedlings

Whole-plant hydraulic conductance and root-to-shoot flow of abscisic acid are independently affected by water stress in grapevines

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Lovisolo ◽  
Wolfram Hartung ◽  
Andrea Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Hydraulic Limitation ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Stem Water ◽  
Stress Experiment ◽  
Rooted Shoot

In order to investigate whether plant hydraulic conductance (gplant) is reduced under drought conditions via an ABA-related mechanism, a water-stress experiment was carried out using split-rooted grapevines. In addition, inversion of shoot growth orientation was imposed to reduce gplant independently of soil water availability, and thus of the putative ABA root-generated stress message. As expected, water stress imposed on split-roots affected ABA accumulation. ABA drought-stress message negatively affected stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (E), but modified neither leaf or stem water potentials (Ψleaf and Ψstem, respectively), nor gplant. When gplant was reduced in split-rooted, shoot-inverted (s-r/s-i) grapevines, Ψleaf and Ψstem decreased, without changes in ABA accumulation, gs and E. The ABA drought-stress message did not modify gplant, nor did gplant (impaired by shoot-growth inversion) decrease ABA delivery to the leaves. However, leaf growth was depressed in s-r/s-i grapevines. The fact that no interaction between ABA stress messages (caused by split-root technique) and hydraulic constraints to sap flow (caused by shoot inversion) was necessary to impair leaf growth suggests that the targets of ABA and hydraulic-limitation effects on leaf expansion are not the same.

Water stress affects the productivity, growth components, competitiveness and water relations of phalaris and white clover growing in a mixed pasture

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 659 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Guobin ◽  
DR Kemp ◽  
GB Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Leaf Appearance ◽  
Water Contents

The effect of water stress during summer and recovery after rain on herbage accumulation, leaf growth components, stomatal conductance and leaf water relations of white clover (Trifolium repens cv. Haifa) and phalaris (Phalaris aquatica cv. Australian Commercial) was studied in an established mixed pasture under dryland (dry) or irrigated (wet) conditions. Soil water deficits under dry conditions reached 150 mm and soil water potentials in the top 20 cm declined to nearly -2 MPa after 50 days of dry weather. Water stress severely restricted growth of both species but then after rain fell, white clover growth rates exceeded those of phalaris. Under irrigation, white clover produced twice the herbage mass of phalaris but under dry conditions herbage production was similar from both species. Leaf appearance rates per tiller or stolon were slightly higher for white clover than phalaris but were reduced by 20% under water stress in both species. Leaf or petiole extension rates were more sensitive to water stress than leaf appearance rates and declined by 75% in phalaris and 90% in white clover. The ratio of leaf or petiole extension rates on dry/wet treatments was similar for both species in relation to leaf relative water contents, but in relation to leaf water potentials phalaris maintained higher leaf growth rates. Phalaris maintained a higher leaf relative water content in relation to leaf water potentials than did white clover and also maintained higher leaf water potentials in relation to the soil water potential in the top 20 cm. Stomata1 conductances for both species declined by 80-90% with increasing water stress, and both species showed similar stomatal responses to bulk leaf water potentials and leaf relative water contents. It is suggested that the poorer performance of white clover under water stress may be due principally to a shallower root system than phalaris and not due to any underlying major physiological differences. The white clover cultivar used in this study came from the mediterranean region and showed some different responses to water stress than previously published evidence on white clover. This suggests genetic variation in responses to water stress may exist within white clover. To maintain white clover in a pasture under dry conditions it is suggested that grazing practices aim to retain a high proportion of growing points.

Ammonium uptake and metabolism alleviate PEG-induced water stress in rice seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 128-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochuang Cao ◽  
Chu Zhong ◽  
Chunquan Zhu ◽  
Lianfeng Zhu ◽  
Junhua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Ammonium Uptake ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Uptake And Metabolism

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF WATER STRESS ON PLANT WATER STATUS AND GROWTH OF SELECTED SWEETPOTATO GENOTYPES

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 490f-490
Author(s):  
Thammasak Thongket ◽  
James O. Garner
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Diffusive Resistance ◽  
Total Growth

Responses of four sweetpotato genotypes (`Centennial', `Travis', `Vardaman' and `MS 21-2') to water stress were studied. Two irrigation regimes (irrigation vs non-irrigation) were imposed on five-week old cuttings grown in a greenhouse environment. Transpiration and leaf diffusive resistance (LDR) were measured with a steady state porometer and mid-day total leaf water potentials were determined with a thermocouple psychrometer. Leaf growth was inhibited earlier than root growth. Water stress caused a reduction of leaf size in Centennial and in leaf number in the other three. Storage root number of Vardaman was not inhibited by limited soil moisture but development of storage roots was retarded by water stress. Total growth under non-irrigation of MS 21-2 was inhibited more than Vardaman. Mid-day leaf water potential did not show promise as a good indicator of water status. Genotypic differences in the water stress sensitivity as measured by LDR, were observed.

scholarly journals EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO WATER STRESS OF SEVERAL PASTURE AND CROP SPECIES

1977 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
J.P. Kerr ◽  
H.G. Mcpherson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Stomatal Behaviour ◽  
Atmosphere System ◽  
Dry Conditions

The effect of water on pasture and crop yield is determined by many factors in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Over recent years, Plant Physiology Division has been examining the system to better understand the principles to be applied in effectively managing pasture and crops under dryland and irrigation and to find criteria which could be used in breeding plants better adapted to dry conditions. The evapotranspiration of pastures and crops, the influence of pastures and crops on their water loss through leaf cover and stomatal behaviour, some of the consequences of water stress on leaf growth, as well as soil evaporation and drainage losses, are discussed.

scholarly journals Physiological and histological approaches to study berry shrivel in grapes

OENO One ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Zufferey ◽  
Jean-Laurent Spring ◽  
Francine Voinesco ◽  
Olivier Viret ◽  
Katia Gindro
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Status ◽  
High Water ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Primary Xylem ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Approaches To Study ◽  
Water Accumulation

<p class="StyleTitre2TimesNewRomanToutenmajuscule" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: The current work aims to study berry shrivel in grapes (a grape-ripening disorder) in relation to vine water status and climatic conditions using physiological and histological approaches.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Measurements of rachis hydraulic conductance on grapevine clusters (<em>Vitis vinifera</em> L.) and observations of the vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) using transmission electron microscopy were conducted on rachises from healthy clusters and clusters having berry shrivel (BS) symptoms during the season. BS intensity was largely dependent on the vine water status: BS was greater in vines without water stress than in vines with moderate to high water stress around veraison time. Preliminary results showed that rachis hydraulic conductance declined sharply after veraison but remained slightly higher in healthy clusters in comparison with clusters presenting BS symptoms. An important degradation of the primary phloem was observed in the rachises of BS clusters, with the appearance of hard, non-functional liber (secondary phloem) and a disorganization of the cell content in the phloem tissue. An alteration of the primary xylem was also observed in the middle of the rachis and in the secondary rachis ramifications.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: These results suggest that the decrease in sugar and water accumulation in BS berries would primarily be associated with a decline in rachis phloem functionality.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: The management of the vine water status plays a key role in berry shrivel development.</p>

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