scholarly journals A Positive Feedback Loop between HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN101 and HEAT STRESS-ASSOCIATED 32-KD PROTEIN Modulates Long-Term Acquired Thermotolerance Illustrating Diverse Heat Stress Responses in Rice Varieties

2014 ◽  
Vol 164 (4) ◽  
pp. 2045-2053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-yi Lin ◽  
Kuo-hsing Chai ◽  
Swee-suak Ko ◽  
Lin-yun Kuang ◽  
Huu-Sheng Lur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Positive Feedback Loop ◽  
Acquired Thermotolerance

scholarly journals Autocrine signaling by an Aplysia neurotrophin forms a presynaptic positive feedback loop

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (47) ◽  
pp. E11168-E11177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iksung Jin ◽  
Hiroshi Udo ◽  
Russell Nicholls ◽  
Huixiang Zhu ◽  
Eric R. Kandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Autocrine Signaling ◽  
Positive Feedback Loop ◽  
Short Term Plasticity ◽  
Extracellular Signaling ◽  
Presynaptic Protein ◽  
Long Term Facilitation

Whereas short-term plasticity is often initiated on one side of the synapse, long-term plasticity involves coordinated changes on both sides, implying extracellular signaling. We have investigated the possible signaling role of an Aplysia neurotrophin (ApNT) in facilitation induced by serotonin (5HT) at sensory-to-motor neuron synapses in culture. ApNT is an ortholog of mammalian BDNF, which has been reported to act as either an anterograde, retrograde, or autocrine signal, so that its pre- and postsynaptic sources and targets remain unclear. We now report that ApNT acts as a presynaptic autocrine signal that forms part of a positive feedback loop with ApTrk and PKA. That loop stimulates spontaneous transmitter release, which recruits postsynaptic mechanisms, and presynaptic protein synthesis during the transition from short- to intermediate-term facilitation and may also initiate gene regulation to trigger the transition to long-term facilitation. These results suggest that a presynaptic ApNT feedback loop plays several key roles during consolidation of learning-related synaptic plasticity.

scholarly journals Modulated Response of Subtropical Gyres: Positive Feedback Loop, Subharmonic Modes, Resonant Solar and Orbital Forcing

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Louis Pinault
Keyword(s):  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Rossby Waves ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Polar Coordinates ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Orbital Forcing ◽  
Positive Feedback Loop ◽  
The Mean

Evidence of long-term variability in the upper ocean has emerged for two decades. Most of the issues discussed raise a lot of questions. What is the driver of the decadal oscillation of rainfall in Europe that has been observed since the end of the 20th century? How to explain low-frequency variability as observed in the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)? More generally, how does solar and orbital forcing occur during very long-term climate change? The observations suggest that both a positive feedback loop amplifies the effects of the insolation gradient on the climate system and a resonance phenomenon occurs, filtering out some frequencies in favour of others. Throughout this paper, some answers to these problems are given from a new concept based on the modulated response of subtropical gyres to solar and orbital forcing. Subtropical gyres turn out to be the main driver of long-term climate variability because they tightly control, via the western boundary currents, heat transport from the tropics into middle and high latitudes. Specifically, the theoretical foundations of long-period Rossby waves winding around the subtropical gyres are laid, suggested by the observations of persistent sea surface temperature anomalies at mid-latitudes. Multi-frequency Gyral Rossby Waves (GRWs) exhibit properties resulting from their annular structure and their coupling. Using a β-cone approximation, the momentum equations are solved in polar coordinates. The gradient β of the Coriolis parameter depends on the mean radius of the annulus and remains constant all around the latter. GRWs result from the variation in the Coriolis Effect with the mean radius of the annulus. The speed of the anti-cyclonically wind-driven circulation being higher than the phase velocity of cyclonically propagating GRWs, amplified forcing effects occur as well as resonances for periods consistent with the observations.

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