scholarly journals Structure of Cellulose Microfibrils in Primary Cell Walls from Collenchyma

2012 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 465-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne H. Thomas ◽  
V. Trevor Forsyth ◽  
Adriana Šturcová ◽  
Craig J. Kennedy ◽  
Roland P. May ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Cellulose Microfibrils

scholarly journals Author Correction: Nanoscale movements of cellulose microfibrils in primary cell walls

Nature Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1504-1504
Author(s):  
Tian Zhang ◽  
Dimitrios Vavylonis ◽  
Daniel M. Durachko ◽  
Daniel J. Cosgrove
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Cellulose Microfibrils

scholarly journals Nanoscale movements of cellulose microfibrils in primary cell walls

Nature Plants ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Zhang ◽  
Dimitrios Vavylonis ◽  
Daniel M. Durachko ◽  
Daniel J. Cosgrove
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Cellulose Microfibrils

Caffeic acid: O-methyltransferases and the biosynthesis of ferulic acid in primary cell walls of wheat seedlings

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1507-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Bach Tuyet Lam ◽  
Kenji Iiyama ◽  
Bruce A. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Wheat Seedlings

Review — The Orientation of Cellulose Microfibrils in the cell walls of Tracheids in Conifers

IAWA Journal ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Abe ◽  
Ryo Funada
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Secondary Wall ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Cellulose Microfibrils ◽  
Conifer Species ◽  
Predominant Orientation ◽  
Scanning Electron

We examined the orientation of cellulose microfibrils (Mfs) in the cell walls of tracheids in some conifer species by field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and developed a model on the basis of our observations. Mfs depositing on the primary walls in differentiating tracheids were not well-ordered. The predominant orientation of the Mfs changed from longitudinal to transverse, as the differentiation of tracheids proceeded. The first Mfs to be deposited in the outer layer of the secondary wall (S1 layer) were arranged as an S-helix. Then the orientation of Mfs changed gradually, with rotation in the clockwise direction as viewed from the lumen side of tracheids, from the outermost to the innermost S1 layer. Mfs in the middle layer of the secondary wall (S2 layer) were oriented in a steep Z-helix with a deviation of less than 15° within the layer. The orientation of Mfs in the inner layer of the secondary wall (S3 layer) changed, with rotation in a counterclockwise direction as viewed from the lumen side, from the outermost to the innermost S3 layer. The angle of orientation of Mfs that were deposited on the innermost S3 layer varied among tracheids from 40° in a Z-helix to 20° in an S-helix.

scholarly journals Thermal degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose in ball-milled cedar and beech wood

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Wang ◽  
Eiji Minami ◽  
Mohd Asmadi ◽  
Haruo Kawamoto
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Uronic Acid ◽  
Beech Wood ◽  
Cellulose Microfibrils ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Japanese Beech ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
The Matrix

AbstractThe thermal degradation reactivities of hemicellulose and cellulose in wood cell walls are significantly different from the thermal degradation behavior of the respective isolated components. Furthermore, the degradation of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica, a softwood) is distinct from that of Japanese beech (Fagus crenata, a hardwood). Lignin and uronic acid are believed to play crucial roles in governing this behavior. In this study, the effects of ball milling for various durations of time on the degradation reactivities of cedar and beech woods were evaluated based on the recovery rates of hydrolyzable sugars from pyrolyzed wood samples. The applied ball-milling treatment cleaved the lignin β-ether bonds and reduced the crystallinity of cellulose, as determined by X-ray diffraction. Both xylan and glucomannan degraded in a similar temperature range, although the isolated components exhibited different reactivities because of the catalytic effect of uronic acid bound to the xylose chains. These observations can be explained by the more homogeneous distribution of uronic acid in the matrix of cell walls as a result of ball milling. As observed for holocelluloses, cellulose in the ball-milled woods degraded in two temperature ranges (below 320 °C and above); a significant amount of cellulose degraded in the lower temperature range, which significantly changed the shapes of the thermogravimetric curves. This report compares the results obtained for cedar and beech woods, and discusses them in terms of the thermal degradation of the matrix and cellulose microfibrils in wood cell walls and role of lignin. Such information is crucial for understanding the pyrolysis and heat treatment of wood.

Static and dynamic light-scattering studies of pectic polysaccharides from the middle lamellae and primary cell walls of cider apples

1987 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen D. Chapman ◽  
Victor J. Morris ◽  
Robert R. Selvendran ◽  
Malcolm A. O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Pectic Polysaccharides
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