A Critical Role of STAYGREEN/Mendel’s I Locus in Controlling Disease Symptom Development during Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato Infection of Arabidopsis

Christy Mecey; Paula Hauck; Marisa Trapp; Nathan Pumplin; Anne Plovanich; Jian Yao; Sheng Yang He

doi:10.1104/pp.111.181826

A Critical Role of STAYGREEN/Mendel’s I Locus in Controlling Disease Symptom Development during Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato Infection of Arabidopsis

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY ◽

10.1104/pp.111.181826 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 157 (4) ◽

pp. 1965-1974 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Christy Mecey ◽

Paula Hauck ◽

Marisa Trapp ◽

Nathan Pumplin ◽

Anne Plovanich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Critical Role ◽

Disease Symptom ◽

Symptom Development

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Delayed Symptom Development in ein2-1, an Arabidopsis Ethylene-Insensitive Mutant, in Response to Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto.2002.92.10.1142 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 92 (10) ◽

pp. 1142-1148 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Judith Hirsch ◽

Laurent Deslandes ◽

Dong Xin Feng ◽

Claudine Balagué ◽

Yves Marco

Keyword(s):

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Molecular Level ◽

Critical Role ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Ethylene Signaling ◽

Symptom Development ◽

Phytopathogenic Bacterium ◽

Virulent Strains ◽

Wilt Symptom

Wilt disease caused by the phytopathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum is poorly understood at the molecular level. The possible roles of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene, compounds commonly associated with the plant response to pathogens, in wilt symptom development were investigated using various Arabidopsis thaliana mutants in a Col-0 background, an ecotype that develops wilt symptoms in response to the virulent GMI1000 strain. Following root inoculation, wilt symptoms were delayed in ein2-1, an ethylene-insensitive mutant, in response to several virulent strains of the pathogen. In ein2-1, bacteria invade the plant and multiply, reaching concentrations slightly lower than those detected in susceptible plants but 1 to 2 logs higher than in Nd-1, an A. thaliana ecotype resistant to strain GMI1000. This delay in disease symptom development of ein2-1 plants suggests that ethylene signaling plays a critical role in wilt disease development. Furthermore, a strong accumulation of transcripts corresponding to PR-3 and PR-4, two ethylene-responsive genes, was observed in susceptible Col-0 plants, but not in ein2-1 and Nd-1 plants, providing additional evidence for a role of ethylene in wilt symptom production. However, this hormone is probably not involved in the establishment of resistance to R. solanacearum, because homozygous ein2-1 plants in a resistant background remain fully resistant to strain GMI1000.

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SGT1 contributes to coronatine signaling and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato disease symptom development in tomato and Arabidopsis

New Phytologist ◽

10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03470.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 189 (1) ◽

pp. 83-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Srinivasa Rao Uppalapati ◽

Yasuhiro Ishiga ◽

Choong-Min Ryu ◽

Takako Ishiga ◽

Keri Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Disease Symptom ◽

Symptom Development ◽

Tomato Disease

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The Arabidopsis thaliana JASMONATE INSENSITIVE 1 Gene Is Required for Suppression of Salicylic Acid-Dependent Defenses During Infection by Pseudomonas syringae

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-19-0789 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. 789-800 ◽

Cited By ~ 145

Author(s):

Neva Laurie-Berry ◽

Vinita Joardar ◽

Ian H. Street ◽

Barbara N. Kunkel

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Salicylic Acid ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Plant Pathogens ◽

Symptom Development ◽

Tomato Dc3000 ◽

Jasmonate Signaling ◽

Pathogenesis Related ◽

Elevated Expression

Many plant pathogens suppress antimicrobial defenses using virulence factors that modulate endogenous host defenses. The Pseudomonas syringae phytotoxin coronatine (COR) is believed to promote virulence by acting as a jasmonate analog, because COR-insensitive 1 (coi1) Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato mutants are impaired in jasmonate signaling and exhibit reduced susceptibility to P. syringae. To further investigate the role of jasmonate signaling in disease development, we analyzed several jasmonate-insensitive A. thaliana mutants for susceptibility to P. syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 and sensitivity to COR. Jasmonate-insensitive1 (jin1) mutants exhibit both reduced susceptibility to P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and reduced sensitivity to COR, whereas jasmonate-resistant 1 (jar1) plants exhibit wild-type responses to both COR and P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. A jin1 jar1 double mutant does not exhibit enhanced jasmonate insensitivity, suggesting that JIN1 functions downstream of jasmonic acid-amino acid conjugates synthesized by JAR1. Reduced disease susceptibility in jin1 mutants is correlated with elevated expression of pathogenesis-related 1(PR-1) and is dependent on accumulation of salicylic acid (SA). We also show that JIN1 is required for normal P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 symptom development through an SA-independent mechanism. Thus,P. syringae pv. tomatoDC3000 appears to utilize COR to manipulate JIN1-dependent jasmonate signaling both to suppress SA-mediated defenses and to promote symptom development.

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The Role of the SLP in Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening and Assessment

Perspectives on Language Learning and Education ◽

10.1044/lle15.2.50 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 50-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amy Philofsky

Keyword(s):

Language Development ◽

Critical Role ◽

Children With Autism ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Children With Asd ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

Notable Increase ◽

Screening Assessment ◽

Critical Components

AbstractRecent prevalence estimates for autism have been alarming as a function of the notable increase. Speech-language pathologists play a critical role in screening, assessment and intervention for children with autism. This article reviews signs that may be indicative of autism at different stages of language development, and discusses the importance of several psychometric properties—sensitivity and specificity—in utilizing screening measures for children with autism. Critical components of assessment for children with autism are reviewed. This article concludes with examples of intervention targets for children with ASD at various levels of language development.

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