scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling of the Central Carbohydrate Metabolism in Arabidopsis Reveals a Substantial Regulatory Influence of Vacuolar Invertase on Whole Plant Carbon Metabolism

2010 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Nägele ◽  
Sebastian Henkel ◽  
Imke Hörmiller ◽  
Thomas Sauter ◽  
Oliver Sawodny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Vacuolar Invertase ◽  
Regulatory Influence ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Central Carbohydrate Metabolism

scholarly journals Engineering of Primary Carbohydrate Metabolism for Increased Production of Actinorhodin in Streptomyces coelicolor

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 7132-7139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Gu Ryu ◽  
Michael J. Butler ◽  
Keith F. Chater ◽  
Kye Joon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Carbon Flux ◽  
Streptomyces Coelicolor ◽  
Central Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Central Carbon ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase ◽  
Central Carbohydrate Metabolism

ABSTRACT The objectives of the current studies were to determine the roles of key enzymes in central carbon metabolism in the context of increased production of antibiotics in Streptomyces coelicolor. Genes for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and phosphoglucomutase (Pgm) were deleted and those for the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) were overexpressed. Under the conditions tested, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase encoded by zwf2 plays a more important role than that encoded by zwf1 in determining the carbon flux to actinorhodin (Act), while the function of Pgm encoded by SCO7443 is not clearly understood. The pgm-deleted mutant unexpectedly produced abundant glycogen but was impaired in Act production, the exact reverse of what had been anticipated. Overexpression of the ACCase resulted in more rapid utilization of glucose and sharply increased the efficiency of its conversion to Act. From the current experiments, it is concluded that carbon storage metabolism plays a significant role in precursor supply for Act production and that manipulation of central carbohydrate metabolism can lead to an increased production of Act in S. coelicolor.

scholarly journals Impaired chloroplast positioning affects photosynthetic capacity and regulation of the central carbohydrate metabolism during cold acclimation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Kitashova ◽  
Katja Schneider ◽  
Lisa Fürtauer ◽  
Laura Schröder ◽  
Tim Scheibenbogen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Central Carbohydrate Metabolism

AbstractPhotosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism of higher plants need to be tightly regulated to prevent tissue damage during environmental changes. The intracellular position of chloroplasts changes due to a changing light regime. Chloroplast avoidance and accumulation response under high and low light, respectively, are well known phenomena, and deficiency of chloroplast movement has been shown to result in photodamage and reduced biomass accumulation. Yet, effects of chloroplast positioning on underlying metabolic regulation are less well understood. Here, we analysed photosynthesis together with metabolites and enzyme activities of the central carbohydrate metabolism during cold acclimation of the chloroplast unusual positioning 1 (chup1) mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana. We compared cold acclimation under ambient and low light and found that maximum quantum yield of PSII was significantly lower in chup1 than in Col-0 under both conditions. Our findings indicated that net CO2 assimilation in chup1 is rather limited by biochemistry than by photochemistry. Further, cold-induced dynamics of sucrose phosphate synthase differed significantly between both genotypes. Together with a reduced rate of sucrose cycling derived from kinetic model simulations our study provides evidence for a central role of chloroplast positioning for photosynthetic and metabolic acclimation to low temperature.

scholarly journals DNA Microarray Analysis of Central Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolytic/Gluconeogenic Carbon Switch in the Hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeum Thermoproteus tenax

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (6) ◽  
pp. 2231-2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Zaparty ◽  
Alexander Zaigler ◽  
Claudia Stamme ◽  
Jörg Soppa ◽  
Reinhard Hensel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Dna Microarray ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Heterotrophic Growth ◽  
Thermoproteus Tenax ◽  
Central Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT In order to unravel the role of regulation on transcript level in central carbohydrate metabolism (CCM) of Thermoproteus tenax, a focused DNA microarray was constructed by using 85 open reading frames involved in CCM. A transcriptional analysis comparing heterotrophic growth on glucose versus autotrophic growth on CO2-H2 was performed.

scholarly journals Gas exchange, biomass and non-structural carbohydrates dynamics in vines under combined drought and biotic stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeja Savi ◽  
Almudena García González ◽  
Jose Carlos Herrera ◽  
Astrid Forneck
Keyword(s):  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Leaf Level ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Near Future

Abstract Background Intensity of drought stress and pest attacks is forecasted to increase in the near future posing a serious threat to natural and agricultural ecosystems. Knowledge on potential effects of a combined abiotic-biotic stress on whole-plant physiology is lacking. We monitored the water status and carbon metabolism of a vine rootstock with or without scion subjected to water shortening and/or infestation with the sucking insect phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch). We measured non-structural carbohydrates and biomass of different plant organs to assess the stress-induced responses at the root, stem, and leaf level. Effects of watering on root infestation were also addressed. Results Higher root infestation was observed in drought-stressed plants compared to well-watered. The drought had a significant impact on most of the measured functional traits. Phylloxera further influenced vines water and carbon metabolism and enforced the sink strength of the roots by stimulating photosynthates translocation. The insect induced carbon depletion, reprogramed vine development, while preventing biomass compensation. A synergic effect of biotic-abiotic stress could be detected in several physiological and morphological traits. Conclusions Our results indicate that events of water shortage favour insects’ feeding damage and increase the abundance of root nodosities. Root phylloxera infestation imposes a considerable stress to the plants which might exacerbate the negative effects of drought.

Changes in flux pattern of the central carbohydrate metabolism during kernel development in maize

2005 ◽  
Vol 66 (22) ◽  
pp. 2632-2642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Ettenhuber ◽  
Gertraud Spielbauer ◽  
Lilla Margl ◽  
L. Curtis Hannah ◽  
Alfons Gierl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Kernel Development ◽  
Central Carbohydrate Metabolism

Orchestration of transpiration, growth and carbohydrate dynamics in rice during a dry-down cycle

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Luquet ◽  
A. Clément-Vidal ◽  
D. Fabre ◽  
D. This ◽  
N. Sonderegger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Vacuolar Invertase ◽  
Starch Concentration ◽  
Dry Down ◽  
Regulation Of Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Carbohydrate Dynamics ◽  
Source Sink

The regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and source–sink relationships among organs play a key role in plant adaptation to drought. This study aimed at characterising the dynamics of transpiration, development, growth and carbon metabolism, as well as the expression of invertase genes, in response to drought during a dry-down cycle. Three 1-month experiments were conducted in controlled environment using the rice genotype IR64 (Oryza sativa L., indica). Plant leaf relative transpiration and expansion rates decreased linearly when fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) dropped below 0.66 and 0.58, respectively. Hexose and starch concentration responses to FTSW in a given organ were generally linear and opposite: in source leaves, hexose concentration increased and starch decreased, and vice versa in sink leaves and roots. Sucrose remained constant in source leaves and increased slightly in sink leaves. Starch reserves built up during stress in sink organs were rapidly mobilised upon rewatering, indicating its involvement in a mechanism to ensure recovery. Expression of cell-wall and vacuolar invertase genes under stress increased in sink leaves, interpreted as a mechanism to maintain sink activity (cell wall) and osmotic adjustment (vacuolar). It is concluded that carbohydrate metabolism in sink organs under drought is highly regulated, and important for stress adaptation.

WHOLE-PLANT GAS EXCHANGES AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM IN KIWIFRUIT

2003 ◽  
pp. 467-472
Author(s):  
G. Vizzotto ◽  
G. Costa ◽  
M. Noferini ◽  
L. Corelli-Grappadelli
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Whole Plant
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