scholarly journals Mechanical Stimuli Modulate Lateral Root Organogenesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 1855-1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Richter ◽  
Gabriele B. Monshausen ◽  
Alexandra Krol ◽  
Simon Gilroy
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Root Organogenesis

scholarly journals T-DNA Tagging of Nodulation- and Root-Related Genes in Lotus japonicus: Expression Patterns and Potential for Promoter Trapping and Insertional Mutagenesis

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Martirani ◽  
Jiri Stiller ◽  
Rossana Mirabella ◽  
Flora Alfano ◽  
Alessandro Lamberti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Insertional Mutagenesis ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Mesorhizobium Loti ◽  
Root Organogenesis ◽  
Gusa Gene

High-efficiency transformation of the autogamous diploid legume Lotus japonicus by means of Agrobacterium rhizogenes was used to develop plant lines expressing a promoter-less gusA gene in a nodulation- or lateral root-associated manner. The approach exploits the putatively preferential integration of T-DNA into actively transcribed regions, thereby providing an enrichment for gene tagging events associated with the quickly assayable activation of a gusA promoter-less construct. Taking advantage of this enrichment and selection strategy, a T-DNA tagging program was initiated and screening for β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity was performed on root clones isolated after transformation with a gusA-promoter-less binary vector. The aim of this approach is the identification of genes involved in nodule formation induced by Mesorhizobium loti, lateral root organogenesis, and the eventual isolation of corresponding mutants. A large collection (220) of GUS-positive transformants showing a variety of expression patterns in different regions of roots and nodules was obtained; a preliminary molecular characterization of these plants is presented.

scholarly journals Systemic signalling through TCTP1 controls lateral root formation in Arabidopsis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Branco ◽  
Josette Masle
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Lateral Organs ◽  
Root Organogenesis

AbstractAs in animals, the plant body plan and primary organs are established during embryogenesis. However, plants have the ability to generate new organs and functional units throughout their whole life. These are produced through the specification, initiation and differentiation of secondary meristems, governed by the intrinsic genetic program and cues from the environment. They give plants an extraordinary developmental plasticity to modulate their size and architecture according to environmental constraints and opportunities. How this plasticity is regulated at the whole organism level is still largely elusive. In particular the mechanisms regulating the iterative formation of lateral roots along the primary root remain little known. A pivotal role of auxin is well established and recently the role of local mechanical signals and oscillations in transcriptional activity has emerged. Here we provide evidence for a role of Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein (TCTP), a vital ubiquitous protein in eukaryotes. We show that Arabidopsis AtTCTP1 controls root system architecture through a dual function: as a general constitutive growth promoter locally, and as a systemic signalling agent via mobility from the shoot. Our data indicate that this signalling function is specifically targeted to the pericycle and modulates the frequency of lateral root initiation and emergence sites along the primary root, and the compromise between branching and elongating, independent of shoot size. Plant TCTP genes show high similarity among species. TCTP messengers and proteins have been detected in the vasculature of diverse species. This suggests that the mobility and extracellular signalling function of AtTCTP1 to control root organogenesis might be widely conserved within the plant kingdom, and highly relevant to a better understanding of post-embryonic formation of lateral organs in plants, and the elusive coordination of shoot and root morphogenesis.

scholarly journals A plant lipocalin is required for retinal-mediated de novo root organogenesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra J. Dickinson ◽  
Jingyuan Zhang ◽  
Michael Luciano ◽  
Guy Wachsman ◽  
Martin Schnermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Homology Search ◽  
Lateral Root Development ◽  
Root Organogenesis ◽  
Retinoid Binding Proteins ◽  
Β Carotene

AbstractBranching of root systems enables the exploration and colonization of the soil environment. In Arabidopsis roots, de novo organogenesis of lateral roots is patterned by an oscillatory mechanism called the root clock, which is dependent on metabolites derived from the β-carotene pathway1, 2. Retinoids are β-carotene-derived regulators of organogenesis in the animal kingdom. To determine if retinoids function in plant development, we conducted time-lapse imaging of a chemical reporter for retinoid binding proteins. We found that it oscillates with a comparable frequency to the root clock and accurately predicts sites of lateral root organogenesis. Exogenous application of retinal to wild-type plants is sufficient to induce root clock oscillations and lateral root organogenesis. A homology search yielded a potential Arabidopsis homolog, TEMPERATURE INDUCED LIPOCALIN (TIL) to vertebrate retinoid binding proteins. Genetic analysis indicates that TIL is necessary for normal lateral root development and a til mutant has decreased retinal sensitivity. TIL expression in a heterologous system conferred retinal binding activity, suggesting that it may directly interact with this molecule. Together, these results demonstrate an essential role for retinal and for plant retinal binding proteins in lateral root organogenesis.

scholarly journals The expa1-1 mutant reveals a new biophysical lateral root organogenesis checkpoint

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Ramakrishna ◽  
Graham A Rance ◽  
Lam Dai Vu ◽  
Evan Murphy ◽  
Kamal Swarup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Root System ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Lateral Root Formation ◽  
Asymmetric Cell Divisions ◽  
Cell Divisions ◽  
Root Organogenesis ◽  
Pericycle Cells

ABSTRACTIn plants, post-embryonic formation of new organs helps shape the adult organism. This requires the tight regulation of when and where a new organ is formed, and a coordination of the underlying cell divisions. To build a root system, new lateral roots are continuously developing, and this process requires asymmetric cell division in adjacent pericycle cells. Characterization of an expansin a1 (expa1) mutant has revealed a novel checkpoint during lateral root formation. Specifically, a minimal pericycle width was found to be necessary and sufficient to trigger asymmetric pericycle cell divisions during auxin-driven lateral root formation. We conclude that a localized radial expansion of adjacent pericycle cells is required to position the asymmetric cell divisions and generate a core of small daughter cells, which is a prerequisite for lateral root organogenesis.SIGNFICANCE STATEMENTOrgan formation is an essential process in plants and animals, driven by cell division and cell identity establishment. Root branching, where lateral roots form along the primary root axis, increases the root system and aids capture of water and nutrients. We have discovered that tight control of cell width is necessary to co-ordinate asymmetric cell divisions in cells that give rise to a new lateral root organ. While biomechanical processes have been shown to play a role in plant organogenesis, including lateral root formation, our data give new mechanistic insights into the cell size checkpoint during lateral root initiation.

Lateral root organogenesis — from cell to organ

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Benková ◽  
Agnieszka Bielach
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Root Organogenesis

scholarly journals EXPANSIN A1-mediated radial swelling of pericycle cells positions anticlinal cell divisions during lateral root initiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (17) ◽  
pp. 8597-8602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Ramakrishna ◽  
Paola Ruiz Duarte ◽  
Graham A. Rance ◽  
Martin Schubert ◽  
Vera Vordermaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Asymmetric Cell Division ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Root Initiation ◽  
Asymmetric Cell Divisions ◽  
Cell Divisions ◽  
Lateral Root Initiation ◽  
Root Organogenesis ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Pericycle Cells

In plants, postembryonic formation of new organs helps shape the adult organism. This requires the tight regulation of when and where a new organ is formed and a coordination of the underlying cell divisions. To build a root system, new lateral roots are continuously developing, and this process requires the tight coordination of asymmetric cell division in adjacent pericycle cells. We identified EXPANSIN A1 (EXPA1) as a cell wall modifying enzyme controlling the divisions marking lateral root initiation. Loss ofEXPA1leads to defects in the first asymmetric pericycle cell divisions and the radial swelling of the pericycle during auxin-driven lateral root formation. We conclude that a localized radial expansion of adjacent pericycle cells is required to position the asymmetric cell divisions and generate a core of small daughter cells, which is a prerequisite for lateral root organogenesis.

scholarly journals Cytokinin Controls Polarity of PIN1-Dependent Auxin Transport during Lateral Root Organogenesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1031-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Marhavý ◽  
Jérôme Duclercq ◽  
Benjamin Weller ◽  
Elena Feraru ◽  
Agnieszka Bielach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Root Organogenesis

Auxin-Regulated Lateral Root Organogenesis

2021 ◽  
pp. a039941
Author(s):  
Nicola Cavallari ◽  
Christina Artner ◽  
Eva Benkova
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Root Organogenesis
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