scholarly journals Disruption of Maize Kernel Growth and Development by Heat Stress (Role of Cytokinin/Abscisic Acid Balance)

1994 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Cheikh ◽  
R. J. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Maize Kernel ◽  
Kernel Growth

Mechanism of Maize Kernel Setting and Characteristics of Kernel Growth and Development under Controlled Pollination

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1605-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Yu FENG ◽  
Zhi-Min WANG ◽  
Fan-Na KONG ◽  
Min-Jie ZHANG ◽  
Shun-Li ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Maize Kernel ◽  
Controlled Pollination ◽  
Kernel Growth

scholarly journals The Role of Abscisic Acid in Heat Stress-induced Secondary Dormancy in Apple Seeds

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn A. Ozga ◽  
F.G. Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Embryonic Axes ◽  
Secondary Dormancy ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Aba Content ◽  
Seed Coats ◽  
Apple Seeds

Exposure of stratified apple (Malus domestics Borkh. cv. Golden Delicious) seeds to 30C induces secondary dormancy. To determine if an increase in abscisic acid (ABA) content was associated with the loss in germination capacity, stratified seeds (3,- 6, or 9 weeks at 5C) were held at 30C for 0, 3, or 6 days. Stratification at 5C either had no effect or increased ABA content in embryonic axes, cotyledons, and seed coats. Exposure to 30C after stratification either did not affect or decreased ABA content of embryonic axes and seed coats; in contrast, cotyledonary ABA was increased. Seed coats, cotyledons, and embryonic axes stratified for 3, 6, or 9 weeks at 20C contained the same or higher levels of ABA in comparison with nonstratified seeds or seeds stratified at SC. Changes in ABA levels were not consistently correlated with changes in germination capacity during stratification or after exposure to 30C. These data suggest that changes in ABA are not related to changes in dormancy. Chemical names used: abscisic acid (ABA); butylated hydroxy-toluene (BHT); n-(trichloromethyl) thio-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide(Captan).

Endogenous levels of abscisic acid in various organs of Vitis vinifera L. (cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) between flower buds separated and grape closed stages

OENO One ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Tayeb Koussa ◽  
Lydia Colin ◽  
Michel Broquedis
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Glucose Ester ◽  
Good Marker

<p>Free abscisic acid (ABA) and bound abscisic acid (ABA-GE: ABA glucose ester) contents and growth were investigated in leaves, internodes, flowers buds, flowers and berries of <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon between flower buds separated and grape closed stages. The ABA levels in leaves and in internodes decrease when the growth was hight and increases when the growth become smaller or stopped. What is more, ABA was accumulated hightly in the flowers (at 50% of flowering) and then appears to be a good marker of flowering. ABA contents decreased at berry setting and till grape closed stage. In leaves, internodes, flowers buds and flowers, ABAGE and ABA show an inverse development and then suggests an interconversion phenomenon between theses two forms. Two most importants points were discuted in this paper: 1) The role of ABA in the controle of growth and development of the organs studied and (2) The translocation of abscisic acid between the organs studied and the role of ABA-GE in this transport.</p>

scholarly journals The Pleiotropic Role of the 26S Proteasome Subunit RPN10 in Arabidopsis Growth and Development Supports a Substrate-Specific Function in Abscisic Acid Signaling

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 965-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Smalle ◽  
Jasmina Kurepa ◽  
Peizhen Yang ◽  
Thomas J. Emborg ◽  
Elena Babiychuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
26S Proteasome ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Proteasome Subunit ◽  
Abscisic Acid Signaling

Role of chromium (III) in the nutrition of pigs and cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
R. Iskra ◽  
V. Vlizlo ◽  
R. Fedoruk
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Metabolic Effect ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
Cultural Medium ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Chromium Compounds ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

The results of our studies and the data of modern literature regarding the biological role of Cr(III) compounds in conditions of their application in the nutrition for pigs and cattle are discussed. The metabolic impact of Cr(III), coming from different sources – mineral and organic compounds, obtained by chemical synthesis or a nanotechnological method (chromium citrate), as well as in the form of biocomplexes from the cultural medium of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts was analyzed. The metabolic connection between the impact of Cr(III) and the biosynthesis of some hormones – insulin, cortisol – as well as the sensitivity of some tissues and organs to the effect of chromium compounds was studied. A considerable part of the review material was dedicated to the metabolic effect of Cr(III) compounds on the reproductive function of pigs and cattle and their impact on the viability of the offspring and gametes of animals. The data about the stimulating effect of Cr(III) on the growth and development of the organism of piglets and calves, meat and milk performance of these species of animals are discussed. The relevance of dosing Cr(III) in the nutrition of pigs and cattle is highlighted.

Defensive Role of Plant-Derived Secondary Metabolites: Indole and Its’ Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Mulat ◽  
Raksha Anand ◽  
Fazlurrahman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Indole Derivatives ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Defensive Role ◽  
Insect Attack

The diversity of indole concerning its production and functional role has increased in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. The bacterial species produce indole and use it as a signaling molecule at interspecies, intraspecies, and even at an interkingdom level for controlling the capability of drug resistance, level of virulence, and biofilm formation. Numerous indole derivatives have been found to play an important role in the different systems and are reported to occur in various bacteria, plants, human, and plant pathogens. Indole and its derivatives have been recognized for a defensive role against pests and insects in the plant kingdom. These indole derivatives are produced as a result of the breakdown of glucosinolate products at the time of insect attack or physical damages. Apart from the defensive role of these products, in plants, they also exhibit several other secondary responses that may contribute directly or indirectly to the growth and development. The present review summarized recent signs of progress on the functional properties of indole and its derivatives in different plant systems. The molecular mechanism involved in the defensive role played by indole as well as its’ derivative in the plants has also been explained. Furthermore, the perspectives of indole and its derivatives (natural or synthetic) in understanding the involvement of these compounds in diverse plants have also been discussed.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Reveals Roles of Lignin-Modifying Enzymes and Abscisic Acid in the Symbiosis of Mycena and Gastrodia elata

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6557
Author(s):  
Li-Ying Ren ◽  
Heng Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Ling Liu ◽  
Tong-Kai Zong ◽  
Min Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Gastrodia Elata ◽  
Upregulated Genes ◽  
Aba Biosynthesis ◽  
Seed Coats

Gastrodia elata is a well-known medicinal and heterotrophic orchid. Its germination, limited by the impermeability of seed coat lignin and inhibition by abscisic acid (ABA), is triggered by symbiosis with fungi such as Mycena spp. However, the molecular mechanisms of lignin degradation by Mycena and ABA biosynthesis and signaling in G. elata remain unclear. In order to gain insights into these two processes, this study analyzed the transcriptomes of these organisms during their dynamic symbiosis. Among the 25 lignin-modifying enzyme genes in Mycena, two ligninolytic class II peroxidases and two laccases were significantly upregulated, most likely enabling Mycena hyphae to break through the lignin seed coats of G. elata. Genes related to reduced virulence and loss of pathogenicity in Mycena accounted for more than half of annotated genes, presumably contributing to symbiosis. After coculture, upregulated genes outnumbered downregulated genes in G. elata seeds, suggesting slightly increased biological activity, while Mycena hyphae had fewer upregulated than downregulated genes, indicating decreased biological activity. ABA biosynthesis in G. elata was reduced by the downregulated expression of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED-2), and ABA signaling was blocked by the downregulated expression of a receptor protein (PYL12-like). This is the first report to describe the role of NCED-2 and PYL12-like in breaking G. elata seed dormancy by reducing the synthesis and blocking the signaling of the germination inhibitor ABA. This study provides a theoretical basis for screening germination fungi to identify effective symbionts and for reducing ABA inhibition of G. elata seed germination.

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