scholarly journals Tractions and Stress Fibers Control Cell Shape and Rearrangements in Collective Cell Migration

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aashrith Saraswathibhatla ◽  
Jacob Notbohm
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Stress Fibers ◽  
Collective Cell Migration

scholarly journals Photothermal Agarose Microfabrication Technology for Collective Cell Migration Analysis

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Sentoku ◽  
Hiromichi Hashimoto ◽  
Kento Iida ◽  
Masaharu Endo ◽  
Kenji Yasuda
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration ◽  
Migration Analysis ◽  
Microfabrication Technology ◽  
Flexible Fabrication ◽  
Agarose Layer

Agarose photothermal microfabrication technology is one of the micropatterning techniques that has the advantage of simple and flexible real-time fabrication even during the cultivation of cells. To examine the ability and limitation of the agarose microstructures, we investigated the collective epithelial cell migration behavior in two-dimensional agarose confined structures. Agarose microchannels from 10 to 211 micrometer width were fabricated with a spot heating of a focused 1480 nm wavelength infrared laser to the thin agarose layer coated on the cultivation dish after the cells occupied the reservoir. The collective cell migration velocity maintained constant regardless of their extension distance, whereas the width dependency of those velocities was maximized around 30 micrometer width and decreased both in the narrower and wider microchannels. The single-cell tracking revealed that the decrease of velocity in the narrower width was caused by the apparent increase of aspect ratio of cell shape (up to 8.9). In contrast, the decrease in the wider channels was mainly caused by the increase of the random walk-like behavior of component cells. The results confirmed the advantages of this method: (1) flexible fabrication without any pre-designing, (2) modification even during cultivation, and (3) the cells were confined in the agarose geometry.

scholarly journals Rotating for elongation: Fat2 whips for the race

2016 ◽  
Vol 212 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomke Stürner ◽  
Gaia Tavosanis
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Regulatory Complex ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Cadherin Superfamily

Dynamic rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton are crucial for cell shape and migration. In this issue, Squarr et al. (2016. J. Cell Biol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201508081) show that the cadherin superfamily protein Fat2 regulates actin-rich protrusions driving collective cell migration during Drosophila melanogaster egg morphogenesis through its interaction with the WAVE regulatory complex.

scholarly journals Single and collective cell migration: the mechanics of adhesions

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 1833-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara De Pascalis ◽  
Sandrine Etienne-Manneville
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Mechanical Responses ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
Intracellular Forces

Chemical and physical properties of the environment control cell proliferation, differentiation, or apoptosis in the long term. However, to be able to move and migrate through a complex three-dimensional environment, cells must quickly adapt in the short term to the physical properties of their surroundings. Interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) occur through focal adhesions or hemidesmosomes via the engagement of integrins with fibrillar ECM proteins. Cells also interact with their neighbors, and this involves various types of intercellular adhesive structures such as tight junctions, cadherin-based adherens junctions, and desmosomes. Mechanobiology studies have shown that cell–ECM and cell–cell adhesions participate in mechanosensing to transduce mechanical cues into biochemical signals and conversely are responsible for the transmission of intracellular forces to the extracellular environment. As they migrate, cells use these adhesive structures to probe their surroundings, adapt their mechanical properties, and exert the appropriate forces required for their movements. The focus of this review is to give an overview of recent developments showing the bidirectional relationship between the physical properties of the environment and the cell mechanical responses during single and collective cell migration.

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