scholarly journals Transforming a fourth year modern optics course using a deliberate practice framework

Author(s):  
David J. Jones ◽  
Kirk W. Madison ◽  
Carl E. Wieman
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Kennedy ◽  
Jeffrey T. Fairbrother

Author(s):  
Rafael A.B. Tedesqui ◽  
Lindsay McCardle ◽  
Dora Bartulovic ◽  
Bradley W. Young

Two hallmark criteria are commonly used to determine whether a variable of interest has an impact on sport expertise development: (a) discrimination of performance or skill levels and (b) association with time spent in deliberate practice activities. Our opinion is that there has been warranted criticism of the deliberate practice framework and greater methodological rigour will invigorate survey research in this area. In this paper, we aimed to provide critical perspectives on self-report methods previously used to assess group discrimination and to measure deliberate practice in survey-based work in the context of sport expertise as well as to illustrate steps that could be taken to improve confidence in the validity and reliability of these measures. First, we focus on challenges discriminating between multiple, progressively skilled groups of athletes and outline two strategies: one aimed at improving the validity of skill grouping using standardized performance measures, and another illustrating how researchers can assess variability within skill levels. Second, we highlight challenges in measuring deliberate practice activities and propose a funnel method of narrowing athletes’ estimates from general sport activity to highly individualized, purposeful practice. We argue more attention is needed on the development of self-report methods and measurements to reliably and validly assess sport expertise development.


2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Le Boutillier ◽  
V Bird ◽  
M Leamy ◽  
J Williams ◽  
M Slade

Author(s):  
Thomas Suddendorf

This article examines the nature and evolution of mental time travel. Evidence for capacities in other animals is reviewed and evaluated in terms of which components of the human faculty appear to be shared and which are unique. While some nonhuman animals store episodic memory traces and can display a range of future-directed capacities, they do not appear to share the open-ended ability to construct mental scenarios, to embed them into larger narratives, nor to reflect and communicate on what they entail. Nested scenario building and the urge to exchange mental experiences seem to set human minds apart in this context as in many others. The article ends with a discussion of the archeological evidence for mental time travel, focusing on deliberate practice as an example of its tremendous fitness consequences.


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