scholarly journals Low-Energy Theory of Disordered Graphene

2006 ◽  
Vol 97 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Altland
Keyword(s):  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Theory

scholarly journals The UV fate of anomalous U(1)s and the Swampland

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Craig ◽  
Isabel Garcia Garcia ◽  
Graham D. Kribs
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Gauge Coupling ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Gravitational Anomaly ◽  
Light Vector ◽  
Energy Theory ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Weak Gravity

Abstract Massive U(1) gauge theories featuring parametrically light vectors are suspected to belong in the Swampland of consistent EFTs that cannot be embedded into a theory of quantum gravity. We study four-dimensional, chiral U(1) gauge theories that appear anomalous over a range of energies up to the scale of anomaly-cancelling massive chiral fermions. We show that such theories must be UV-completed at a finite cutoff below which a radial mode must appear, and cannot be decoupled — a Stückelberg limit does not exist. When the infrared fermion spectrum contains a mixed U(1)-gravitational anomaly, this class of theories provides a toy model of a boundary into the Swampland, for sufficiently small values of the vector mass. In this context, we show that the limit of a parametrically light vector comes at the cost of a quantum gravity scale that lies parametrically below MP1, and our result provides field theoretic evidence for the existence of a Swampland of EFTs that is disconnected from the subset of theories compatible with a gravitational UV-completion. Moreover, when the low energy theory also contains a U(1)3 anomaly, the Weak Gravity Conjecture scale makes an appearance in the form of a quantum gravity cutoff for values of the gauge coupling above a certain critical size.

scholarly journals NONCOMMUTATIVE OPEN STRING THEORIES AND THEIR DUALITIES

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (04n06) ◽  
pp. 349-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. SHEIKH-JABBARI
Keyword(s):  
Open String ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Duality Group ◽  
Critical Limit ◽  
Quantum Theories ◽  
Open Strings ◽  
Energy Theory ◽  
String Theories

The recently found noncritical open string theories is reviewed. These open strings, noncommutative open string theories (NCOS), arise as consistent quantum theories describing the low energy theory of D-branes in a background electric B-field in the critical limit. Focusing on the D3-brane case, we construct the most general (3+1) NCOS, which is described by four parameters. We study S- and T-dualities of these theories and argue the existence of a U-duality group.

scholarly journals Quantum dynamics of low-energy theory on semilocal non-Abelian strings

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Koroteev ◽  
M. Shifman ◽  
W. Vinci ◽  
A. Yung
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dynamics ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Theory

The (low-energy) physics of the superstring

1989 ◽  
Vol 329 (1605) ◽  
pp. 373-393 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Multiplet Structure ◽  
String Structure ◽  
Energy Theory ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Superstring Theories ◽  
Energy Physics

Superstring theories offer the prospect of a finite unified theory of the four fundamental interactions. However, their implications for low-energy physics are difficult to determine because there must be several stages of symmetry breaking leading from the underlying multidimensional supersymmetric string theory, relevant at the scale of string structure (not more than O (10 -32 cm)), to the four-dimensional non-supersymmetric effective field theory relevant for physics at scales probed in the laboratory (not less than O (10 -15 cm)). I discuss these stages of compactification, supersymmetry breaking and gauge-symmetry breaking and show how the resulting low-energy theory may closely approximate the observed structure. The implications for the multiplet structure, the masses and the couplings of the observed particle states are considered.

scholarly journals SPACE–TIME AND MATTER IN THE IIB MATRIX MODEL — GAUGE SYMMETRY AND DIFFEOMORPHISM

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 651-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
SATOSHI ISO ◽  
HIKARU KAWAI
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Matrix Model ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Effective Theory ◽  
General Covariance ◽  
Distribution Of Eigenvalues ◽  
Energy Theory ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Small Clusters

We pursue a study of the type-IIB matrix model as a constructive definition of a superstring. In this paper, we justify the interpretation of space–time as being a distribution of eigenvalues of matrices by showing that some low-energy excitations indeed propagate in it. In particular, we show that if the distribution consists of small clusters of size n, low-energy theory acquires local SU(n) gauge symmetry, and a plaquette action for the associated gauge boson is induced. We finally argue a possible identification of the diffeomorphism symmetry with a permutation group acting on the set of eigenvalues, and show that general covariance is realized in the low-energy effective theory, even though we do not have a manifest general covariance in the IIB matrix model action.

THE ANOMALY CONSIDERATION OF O(16) × O(16) HETEROTIC STRING THEORY

1987 ◽  
Vol 02 (07) ◽  
pp. 531-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOUNG HUN KWON
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Heterotic String ◽  
Energy Limit ◽  
Heterotic String Theory ◽  
Energy Theory ◽  
Global Anomaly

To a tachyon-free O (16) × O (16) heterotic string theory with anomaly-free properties in the low energy limit, we consider the anomaly of the compactified theory in 8, 6 and 4 dimensions. Furthermore, we investigate the global anomaly of the theory and discuss the compactified manifold which will give a consistent low energy theory.

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