Transition from Collective to Independent-Particle Motion Within the Valence Shell of the Second- and Third-Row Atoms

1984 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Wulfman ◽  
R. D. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Particle Motion ◽  
Valence Shell ◽  
Independent Particle

Independent particle motion and correlations in fermion systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 981-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay R. Pandharipande ◽  
Ingo Sick ◽  
Peter K. A. deWitt Huberts
Keyword(s):  
Particle Motion ◽  
Fermion Systems ◽  
Independent Particle

Collective and independent-particle motion in doubly excited two-electron atoms

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1974-1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Ezra ◽  
R. Stephen Berry
Keyword(s):  
Particle Motion ◽  
Independent Particle ◽  
Doubly Excited

scholarly journals Collective and Independent-Particle Motion in Two-Electron Artificial Atoms

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 1726-1729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantine Yannouleas ◽  
Uzi Landman
Keyword(s):  
Particle Motion ◽  
Artificial Atoms ◽  
Independent Particle

Теория гетерогенного катализа. Теория хемосорбции

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Василий Садовников
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Lateral Interaction ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Crystal Face ◽  
Independent Particle ◽  
The Face

This monograph is a continuation of the monograph by V.V. Sadovnikov. Lateral interaction. Moscow 2006. Publishing house "Anta-Eco", 2006. ISBN 5-9730-0017-6. In this work, the foundations of the theory of heterogeneous catalysis and the theory of chemisorption are more easily formulated. The book consists of two parts, closely related to each other. These are the theoretical foundations of heterogeneous catalysis and chemisorption. In the theory of heterogeneous catalysis, an experiment is described in detail, which must be carried out in order to isolate the stages of a catalytic reaction, to find the stoichiometry of each of the stages. This experiment is based on the need to obtain the exact value of the specific surface area of the catalyst, the number of centers at which the reaction proceeds, and the output curves of each of the reaction products. The procedures for obtaining this data are described in detail. Equations are proposed and solved that allow calculating the kinetic parameters of the nonequilibrium stage and the thermodynamic parameters of the equilibrium stage. The description of the quantitative theory of chemisorption is based on the description of the motion of an atom along a crystal face. The axioms on which this mathematics should be based are formulated, the mathematical apparatus of the theory is written and the most detailed instructions on how to use it are presented. The first axiom: an atom, moving along the surface, is present only in places with minima of potential energy. The second axiom: the face of an atom is divided into cells, and the position of the atom on the surface of the face is set by one parameter: the cell number. The third axiom: the atom interacts with the surrounding material bodies only at the points of minimum potential energy. The fourth axiom: the solution of the equations is a map of the arrangement of atoms on the surface. The fifth axiom: quantitative equations are based on the concept of a statistically independent particle. The formation energies of these particles and their concentration are calculated by the developed program. The program based on these axioms allows you to simulate and calculate the interaction energies of atoms on any crystal face. The monograph is intended for students, post-graduate students and researchers studying work and working in petrochemistry and oil refining.

A Study on Polymer Particle Flow in a Disk Zone of a Screw-Disk Extruder

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Rydzkowski ◽  
Iwona Michalska-Pożoga
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Particle Motion ◽  
Polymer Melt ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Polymer Particle ◽  
Particle Flow ◽  
Material Particle ◽  
Motion Trajectories ◽  
Stretching Effect

Abstract The paper presents the summary of research on polymer melt particle motion trajectories in a disc zone of a screw-disk extruder. We analysed two models of its structure, different in levels of taken simplifications. The analysis includes computer simulations of material particle flow and results of experimental tests to determine the properties of the resultant extrudate. Analysis of the results shows that the motion of melt in the disk zone of a screw-disk extruder is a superposition of pressure and dragged streams. The observed trajectories of polymer particles and relations of mechanical properties and elongation of the molecular chain proved the presence of a stretching effect on polymer molecular chains.

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