Velocity Dependence of the Ionization Probability of Sputtered Atoms

1981 ◽  
Vol 47 (18) ◽  
pp. 1325-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming L. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Ionization Probability ◽  
Velocity Dependence

Velocity dependence of ionization probability of BE, CU, AG, W, PB and SN atoms sputtered by 5.5 KEV ar+ions

1990 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Makarenko ◽  
A. B. Popov ◽  
A. A. Shaporenko ◽  
A. P. Shergin
Keyword(s):  
Ionization Probability ◽  
Velocity Dependence

Field-assisted ionization theory for microscopists

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 820-821
Author(s):  
Patrick P. Camus
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electron Tunneling ◽  
Ionization Probability ◽  
Critical Distance ◽  
Tunneling Probability ◽  
Field Ionization ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Field Evaporation ◽  
A Value ◽  
Ion Emission

The theory of field ion emission is the study of electron tunneling probability enhanced by the application of a high electric field. At subnanometer distances and kilovolt potentials, the probability of tunneling of electrons increases markedly. Field ionization of gas atoms produce atomic resolution images of the surface of the specimen, while field evaporation of surface atoms sections the specimen. Details of emission theory may be found in monographs.Field ionization (FI) is the phenomena whereby an electric field assists in the ionization of gas atoms via tunneling. The tunneling probability is a maximum at a critical distance above the surface,xc, Fig. 1. Energy is required to ionize the gas atom at xc, I, but at a value reduced by the appliedelectric field, xcFe, while energy is recovered by placing the electron in the specimen, φ. The highest ionization probability occurs for those regions on the specimen that have the highest local electric field. Those atoms which protrude from the average surfacehave the smallest radius of curvature, the highest field and therefore produce the highest ionizationprobability and brightest spots on the imaging screen, Fig. 2. This technique is called field ion microscopy (FIM).

scholarly journals The Non-Stationary Metal Vapour Arc

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 428-437
Author(s):  
G. Ecker
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Critical Currents ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Velocity Dependence ◽  
Metal Vapour ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Physical Background ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies ◽  
Spot Motion

AbstractThe motion is depicted as a sequence of steps of a finite residence time.The spot motion affects essentially only the energy characteristics Te which in comparison to the stationary characteristics Tes are shifted to smaller values. Hereby the critical currents I0, I1 are raised in comparison to the corresponding stationary limits I0s, I1s. Particularly attractive are the phenomena found in connection with the dependence of the spot velocity ʋ on the spot current I. If the spot velocity increases with the spot current stronger than ʋ ∞ I1/2 then the E-diagram reveals the existence of an upper limit lu for the spot current. This result can be used to explain qualitatively the experimentally observed phenomena of "spot multiplicity" and “spot extinction”.Quantitative conclusions are obstructed by the lack of knowledge about the velocity dependence on the spot current, ʋ(I). Experimental and theoretical studies to provide a better understanding of the physical background and the analytical laws describing the motion of the cathode spots are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Frictional properties of anorthite (feldspar): implications for the lower boundary of the seismogenic zone

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Earthquake Magnitude ◽  
Seismogenic Zone ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Velocity Dependence ◽  
Brittle Deformation ◽  
Frictional Properties ◽  
Depth Extent ◽  
Mineral Constituents

Abstract Earthquake magnitude is closely related to the depth extent of the seismogenic zone, and higher magnitude earthquakes occur where the seismogenic zone is thicker. The frictional properties of the dominant mineral constituents of the crust, such as feldspar-group minerals, control the depth extent of the seismogenic zone. Here, the velocity dependence of the steady-state friction of anorthite, the calcic endmember of the feldspar mineral series, was measured at temperatures from 20 to 600 °C, pore pressures of 0 (“dry”) and 50 MPa (“wet”), and an effective pressure of 150 MPa. The results support previous findings that the frictional properties of feldspar play a dominant role in limiting the depth extent of the seismogenic zone. This evidence suggests that brittle deformation of anorthite may be responsible for brittle fault movements in the brittle–plastic transition zone.

Press velocity dependence in nanoimprint lithography

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yoshikawa ◽  
N. Takagi ◽  
T. Kanakugi ◽  
H. Schulz ◽  
H.-C. Scheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nanoimprint Lithography ◽  
Velocity Dependence
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