Empirical analysis of the lane formation process in bidirectional pedestrian flow

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Feliciani ◽  
Katsuhiro Nishinari
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Lane Formation

scholarly journals Evacuation characteristics of preschool children through bottlenecks

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Hongliu Li ◽  
Hongliu Li ◽  
Yanghui Hu ◽  
Yanghui Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Pedestrian Movement ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Movement Characteristics ◽  
Lane Formation ◽  
Drill Design

Pedestrian movement through bottlenecks have been widely studied from various aspects to understand the effects of bottlenecks on the pedestrian flow. However, few attentions have been paid to the movement characteristics of preschool children, who show obvious differences behaviour compared to adults due to the poor balance and understanding of danger especial under emergencies. In this study, we focus on the evacuation characteristics of preschool children through bottlenecks with laboratory experiments. From all the experiment, we do not observe clear lane formation process from the trajectories diagrams. It is found that the first arrive first out principle does not work in the situation with competition. Compared to adults, children are more likely to fall and hard to be controlled during movement, which is very dangerous in emergencies. The highest speed for the preschool children can beyond 3 m/s and is depend on the location in the crowd for each individual. For a given number of evacuees, the total evacuation time firstly decreases a linear with the increasing the bottleneck width and then keeps a constant if nobody falls down during the movement. Falling down of children will increase the evacuation time incredibly. The findings will be beneficial for the evacuation drill design in kindergarten as well as the facility design for young children.

Simulating pedestrian flow by an improved two-process cellular automaton model

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (02) ◽  
pp. 1750016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Jie Jin ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Rui Jiang ◽  
Li-Yun Dong
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Critical Density ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
Open Boundary Conditions ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Exchange Rule ◽  
Lane Formation

In this paper, we study the pedestrian flow with an Improved Two-Process (ITP) cellular automaton model, which is originally proposed by Blue and Adler. Simulations of pedestrian counterflow have been conducted, under both periodic and open boundary conditions. The lane formation phenomenon has been reproduced without using the place exchange rule. We also present and discuss the flow-density and velocity-density relationships of both uni-directional flow and counterflow. By the comparison with the Blue-Adler model, we find the ITP model has higher values of maximum flow, critical density and completely jammed density under different conditions.

SIMULATION OF PEDESTRIAN DYNAMIC USING A VECTOR FLOOR FIELD MODEL

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 1350023 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUN YANG ◽  
ZHONGSHENG HOU ◽  
MINGHUI ZHAN
Keyword(s):  
Field Model ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Pedestrian Movement ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
Lane Formation ◽  
Floor Field

Simulation of complex scenarios and multi-direction pedestrian flow is a main challenge to microscopic model of pedestrian movement. It is an issue to simulate real pedestrian traffic with great fidelity while keeping its computational cost at an acceptable level. This paper reports on an improved floor field model called vector floor field model to simulate pedestrian flows in some basic scenarios. In this model, vectorization of static floor field and dynamic floor field are used to indicate preference directions and the pedestrian flow tendency, respectively. Pedestrian transition depends on both their preference directions and tendency. The simulations in some basic scenarios are conducted, quantitative comparison to the record of practical experiments and standard floor field model is given as well, and the results indicate the effectivity of this model. An adjusted static vector floor field is also proposed to simulate pedestrian flow in turning scenario. The vector floor field model is also sufficient to simulate some essential features in pedestrian dynamic, such as lane formation. This model can be widely used in the simulation of multi-direction pedestrian at turning, crossing and other junctions.

scholarly journals Characterization of Collision Avoidance in Pedestrian Crowds

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Haitao Zhu ◽  
Shi Qiu ◽  
Boyan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Crowd Management ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Lane Formation ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Pedestrian Crowd

The avoidance behavior of pedestrians was characterized in the present paper by simulating the movement of crowds in both unidirectional and bidirectional pedestrian flow. A phase change of alternative lane formation observed in real bidirectional pedestrian flows has been studied, where pedestrians tended to evade individuals in counterflow and simultaneously keep a certain distance from each other in the uniform pedestrian flow when the counterflow disappeared. What is more, the comparison between the effect of evading and pushing behavior on evacuation has been investigated in the room egress scenario. Additionally, the evading and overtaking behavior of fast pedestrians have also been simulated in heterogeneous crowds. The performance of the proposed model was compared to the experimental data and the results obtained using other evacuation models. Numerical results showed that both the phase change of alternative lane formation in bidirectional pedestrian flow and the effective evading behavior in unidirectional pedestrian flow were conductive to reduce the evacuation time of pedestrian crowds. Even though pushing behavior of fast pedestrians seemed to improve the flow through the wide exit, it might lead to the panic and other negative effect on the crowds, such as crowds trample. The proposed model in this paper could provide a theoretical basis for the pedestrian crowd management during emergency evacuation.

Improving heuristics-based model to reproduce lane formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (08) ◽  
pp. 1850069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Guo ◽  
Hao-Xiang Liu ◽  
Rui Jiang ◽  
Bin Jia ◽  
Mao-Bin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Objective Function ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Target Direction ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lane Formation ◽  
Simulation Results

Lane formation is an important self-organized phenomenon in bidirectional pedestrian flow. Our experiment shows that in a wide range of pedestrian density, quick lane formation can be observed in a ring corridor. It is shown that the original heuristics-based model fails to reproduce lane formation with the increase of pedestrian density. This is because a pedestrian cannot correctly evaluate the target direction, when he/she is too close to others. We propose an improved heuristics-based model, in which the objective function of the target direction has been modified. Simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones.

Empirical Analysis of Decision-Making and Tour Formation Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 2231 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Z. Frignani ◽  
Joshua Auld ◽  
Abolfazl (Kouros) Mohammadian
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Formation Process
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