scholarly journals Maximal efficiency of the collisional Penrose process with spinning particles

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei-ichi Maeda ◽  
Kazumasa Okabayashi ◽  
Hirotada Okawa
Keyword(s):  
Spinning Particles ◽  
Maximal Efficiency ◽  
Penrose Process

scholarly journals Maximal efficiency of the collisional Penrose process with a spinning particle. II. Collision with a particle on the innermost stable circular orbit

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumasa Okabayashi ◽  
Kei-ichi Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Circular Orbit ◽  
Elastic Collision ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Spinning Particle ◽  
Spinning Particles ◽  
Text Input ◽  
Maximal Efficiency ◽  
Stable Circular Orbit ◽  
Penrose Process ◽  
Innermost Stable Circular Orbit

Abstract We analyze the collisional Penrose process between a particle on the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) orbit around an extreme Kerr black hole and a particle impinging from infinity. We consider both cases with non-spinning and spinning particles. We evaluate the maximal efficiency, $\eta_{\text{max}}=(\text{extracted energy})/(\text{input energy})$, for the elastic collision of two massive particles and for the photoemission process, in which the ISCO particle will escape to infinity after a collision with a massless impinging particle. For non-spinning particles, the maximum efficiency is $\eta_{\text{max}} \approx 2.562$ for the elastic collision and $\eta_{\text{max}} \approx 7$ for the photoemission process. For spinning particles we obtain the maximal efficiency $\eta_{\text{max}} \approx 8.442$ for the elastic collision and $\eta_{\text{max}} \approx 12.54$ for the photoemission process.

Collisional Penrose process of charged spinning particles

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Jie Jiang ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Wen-Biao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Spinning Particles ◽  
Penrose Process

scholarly journals Maximal efficiency of the collisional Penrose process

2016 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elly Leiderschneider ◽  
Tsvi Piran
Keyword(s):  
Maximal Efficiency ◽  
Penrose Process

Internal Structure of Spinning Particles

1955 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 924-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Spinning Particles

scholarly journals SPINNING PARTICLES ON SPACELIKE HYPERSURFACES AND THEIR REST FRAME DESCRIPTION

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (09) ◽  
pp. 1429-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCESCO BIGAZZI ◽  
LUCA LUSANNA
Keyword(s):  
Spin Structure ◽  
Rest Frame ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Nonrelativistic Limit ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Spinning Particle ◽  
Spinning Particles ◽  
Spacelike Hypersurfaces ◽  
Energy Formula

A new spinning particle with a definite sign of the energy is defined on spacelike hypersurfaces after a critical discussion of the standard spinning particles. It is the pseudoclassical basis of the positive energy [Formula: see text] [or negative energy [Formula: see text]] part of the [Formula: see text] solutions of the Dirac equation. The study of the isolated system of N such spinning charged particles plus the electromagnetic field leads to their description in the rest frame Wigner-covariant instant form of dynamics on the Wigner hyperplanes orthogonal to the total four-momentum of the isolated system (when it is timelike). We find that on such hyperplanes these spinning particles have a nonminimal coupling only of the type "spin–magnetic field," like the nonrelativistic Pauli particles to which they tend in the nonrelativistic limit. The Lienard–Wiechert potentials associated with these charged spinning particles are found. Then, a comment is made on how to quantize the spinning particles respecting their fibered structure describing the spin structure.

Relativity Made Relatively Easy Volume 2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Steane
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Classical Field Theory ◽  
Weak Field ◽  
Stellar Structure ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Penrose Process ◽  
Low Amplitude

This is a textbook on general relativity and cosmology for a physics undergraduate or an entry-level graduate course. General relativity is the main subject; cosmology is also discussed in considerable detail (enough for a complete introductory course). Part 1 introduces concepts and deals with weak-field applications such as gravitation around ordinary stars, gravimagnetic effects and low-amplitude gravitational waves. The theory is derived in detail and the physical meaning explained. Sources, energy and detection of gravitational radiation are discussed. Part 2 develops the mathematics of differential geometry, along with physical applications, and discusses the exact treatment of curvature and the field equations. The electromagnetic field and fluid flow are treated, as well as geodesics, redshift, and so on. Part 3 then shows how the field equation is solved in standard cases such as Schwarzschild-Droste, Reissner-Nordstrom, Kerr, and internal stellar structure. Orbits and related phenomena are obtained. Black holes are described in detail, including horizons, wormholes, Penrose process and Hawking radiation. Part 4 covers cosmology, first in terms of metric, then dynamics, structure formation and observational methods. The meaning of cosmic expansion is explained at length. Recombination and last scattering are calculated, and the quantitative analysis of the CMB is sketched. Inflation is introduced briefly but quantitatively. Part 5 is a brief introduction to classical field theory, including spinors and the Dirac equation, proceeding as far as the Einstein-Hilbert action. Throughout the book the emphasis is on making the mathematics as clear as possible, and keeping in touch with physical observations.

BOUNDARY CONDITIONS IN FIRST QUANTIZATION

1991 ◽  
Vol 06 (22) ◽  
pp. 3997-4008 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. SIEGEL
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
General Solution ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
String Field Theory ◽  
Light Cone ◽  
Bosonic String ◽  
Second Quantization ◽  
Spinning Particles

In the BRST approach to first quantization, bosonic ghosts can cause ambiguities in the cohomology (and thus in second quantization). We show how nonminimal terms give a general solution to this problem, avoiding the need for “picture-changing operators.” As examples, we consider spinning particles, superparticles, covariantized light cone bosonic string field theory, and NSR superstring field theory.

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