scholarly journals Getting the astrophysics and particle physics of dark matter out of next-generation direct detection experiments

2010 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika H. G. Peter
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Next Generation

scholarly journals Relativistic impulse approximation in the atomic ionization process induced by millicharged particles

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Kai Qiao ◽  
Shin-Ted Lin ◽  
Hsin-Chang Chi ◽  
Hai-Tao Jia
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Impulse Approximation ◽  
Dark Matter Particle ◽  
Ionization Process ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Atomic Ionization

Abstract The millicharged particle has become an attractive topic to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. In direct detection experiments, the parameter space of millicharged particles can be constrained from the atomic ionization process. In this work, we develop the relativistic impulse approximation (RIA) approach, which can duel with atomic many-body effects effectively, in the atomic ionization process induced by millicharged particles. The formulation of RIA in the atomic ionization induced by millicharged particles is derived, and the numerical calculations are obtained and compared with those from free electron approximation and equivalent photon approximation. Concretely, the atomic ionizations induced by mllicharged dark matter particles and millicharged neutrinos in high-purity germanium (HPGe) and liquid xenon (LXe) detectors are carefully studied in this work. The differential cross sections, reaction event rates in HPGe and LXe detectors, and detecting sensitivities on dark matter particle and neutrino millicharge in next-generation HPGe and LXe based experiments are estimated and calculated to give a comprehensive study. Our results suggested that the next-generation experiments would improve 2-3 orders of magnitude on dark matter particle millicharge δχ than the current best experimental bounds in direct detection experiments. Furthermore, the next-generation experiments would also improve 2-3 times on neutrino millicharge δν than the current experimental bounds.

Particle dark matter direct detection

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (07) ◽  
pp. 1630018
Author(s):  
Rita Bernabei
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Particle Dark Matter ◽  
Interaction Types ◽  
The Universe

Nearly a century of experimental observations and theoretical arguments have pointed out that a large fraction of the Universe is composed by dark matter particles. Many possibilities are open on the nature and interaction types of such relic particles. Moreover, the poor knowledge of many fundamental astrophysical, nuclear and particle physics aspects as well as of some experimental and theoretical parameters, the different used approaches and target materials, etc. make it challenging to understand the implication of some different experimental efforts. Some general arguments are addressed here. Future perspectives are mentioned.

scholarly journals Effective Theory Approach to Direct Detection of Dark Matter

2020 ◽  
pp. 650-688
Author(s):  
Junji Hisano
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles ◽  
Effective Theory ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
The Standard Model

It is now certain that dark matter exists in the Universe. However, we do not know its nature, nor are there dark matter candidates in the standard model of particle physics or astronomy However, weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in models beyond the standard model are one of the leading candidates available to provide explanation. The dark matter direct detection experiments, in which the nuclei recoiled by WIMPs are sought, are one of the methods to elucidate the nature of dark matter. This chapter introduces an effective field theory (EFT) approach in order to evaluate the nucleon–WIMP elastic scattering cross section.

scholarly journals Fat brane, dark matter and localized kinetic terms in six dimensions

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo G. Landim
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Kinetic Term ◽  
Finite Width ◽  
Complex Scalar ◽  
Abelian Gauge ◽  
Complex Scalar Field ◽  
Relic Abundance

Abstract Extra dimensions (ED) have been used as attempts to explain several phenomena in particle physics over the years. In this paper we investigate the role of an abelian gauge field as mediator of the interaction between dark matter (DM) and Standard Model (SM) particles, in a model with two flat and transverse ED compactified on the chiral square. DM is confined in a thin brane, localized at the origin of the chiral square, while the SM is localized in a finite width brane, lying in the opposite corner of the square. A brane-localized kinetic term is present in the DM brane, while in the fat brane it is not allowed. In this model the kinetic mixing is not required because we assume that the SM particles couple to the mediator through their $$B-L$$B-L charges, while DM couples to it via a dark charge. Assuming a complex scalar field as DM candidate it is possible to obtain the observed DM relic abundance and avoid direct detection constraints for some parameter choices.

scholarly journals Dark matter to baryon ratio from scalar triplets decay in type-II seesaw

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimmala Narendra ◽  
Narendra Sahu ◽  
Sujay Shil
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Dirac Fermion ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Dark Sector ◽  
Coincidence Problem ◽  
Electroweak Phase Transition ◽  
Visible Sector

AbstractWe propose a minimal model for the cosmic coincidence problem $$\Omega _\mathrm{DM}/\Omega _B \sim 5$$ Ω DM / Ω B ∼ 5 and neutrino mass in a type-II seesaw scenario. We extend the standard model of particle physics with a $$\mathrm SU(2)$$ S U ( 2 ) singlet leptonic Dirac fermion $$\chi $$ χ , which represents the candidate of dark matter (DM), and two triplet scalars $$\Delta _{1,2}$$ Δ 1 , 2 with hierarchical masses. In the early Universe, the CP violating out-of-equilibrium decay of lightest $$\Delta $$ Δ generates a net $$B-L$$ B - L asymmetry in the visible sector (comprising of SM fields), where B and L represents the total baryon and lepton number respectively. A part of this asymmetry gets transferred to the dark sector (comprising of DM $$\chi $$ χ ) through a dimension eight operator which conserves $$B-L$$ B - L . Above the electroweak phase transition, the $$B-L$$ B - L asymmetry of the visible sector gets converted to a net B-asymmetry by the $$B+L$$ B + L violating sphalerons, while the $$B-L$$ B - L asymmetry of the dark sector remains untouched which we see today as relics of DM. We show that the observed DM abundance can be explained for a DM mass about 8 GeV. We then introduce an additional singlet scalar field $$\phi $$ ϕ which mixes with the SM-Higgs to annihilate the symmetric component of the DM resonantly which requires the singlet scalar mass to be twice the DM mass, i.e. around 16 GeV, which can be searched at collider experiments. In our model, the active neutrinos also get small masses by the induced vacuum expectation value (vev) of the triplet scalars $$\Delta _{1,2}$$ Δ 1 , 2 . In the later part of the paper we discuss all the constraints on model parameters coming from invisible Higgs decay, Higgs signal strength, DM direct detection and relic density of DM.

scholarly journals DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF DARK MATTER

2011 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
pp. 98-107
Author(s):  
DAVID G. CERDEÑO
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Extra Dimensions ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Massive Particle ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Little Higgs ◽  
Weakly Interacting ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Modern Physics

Dark matter is an abundant component of our Universe and its detection and identification constitutes one of the most challenging goals in modern Physics. Particle Physics provides well motivated candidates for dark matter, among which a generic weakly-interacting massive particle (WIMP) stands out for its simplicity and the fact that WIMP candidates can be found in many theories proposing new physics at the TeV scale, such as Supersymmetry, models with Universal Extra Dimensions and Little Higgs Theories. I will review the properties of some of the main WIMP candidates and their detectability (with special emphasis on direct detection experiments). I will also address the strategies that can be used to discriminate among them in the case of a future detection.

EXPERIMENTS ON WIMPS, SIMPS, AND HOT DARK MATTER

1994 ◽  
Vol 03 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
DAVID O. CALDWELL
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Dark Matter Particle ◽  
Dirac Particles ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Ionization Detectors ◽  
The Universe

The particle which constitutes more than 90% of the mass of the universe is not one of those in the Standard Model of particle physics. The search for this dark matter particle has now eliminated or severely restricted many candidates. While accelerator-produced results and indirect searches have helped, the most extensive exclusions have come from attempts at direct detection using semiconductor ionization detectors. The region excluded by direct detection extends over 12 orders of magnitude in particle mass and 20 orders of magnitude in cross section for Dirac particles. The need is now to get to cross sections less than one-tenth the weak cross section for Dirac masses >20 GeV and to use detectors having nuclei with spin for Majorana masses ≳10 GeV. Light neutrinos, while not detectable directly, can be eliminated as dominant dark matter if the 17-keV neutrino exists.

scholarly journals DIRECT DETECTION OF SUPERSYMMETRIC DARK MATTER: THEORETICAL RATES FOR TRANSITIONS TO EXCITED STATES

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (05) ◽  
pp. 751-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. VERGADOS ◽  
P. QUENTIN ◽  
D. STROTTMAN
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Excited State ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Supersymmetric Particle ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Matter Detection ◽  
Direct Dark Matter

The recent WMAP data have confirmed that exotic dark matter together with the vacuum energy (cosmological constant) dominate in the flat universe. Supersymmetry provides a natural dark matter candidate, the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). Thus direct dark matter detection is central to particle physics and cosmology. Most of the research on this issue has hitherto focused on the detection of the recoiling nucleus. In this paper, we study transitions to the excited states, focusing on the first excited state at 50 keV of Iodine A=127. We find that the transition rate to this excited state is ≼10 percent of the transition to the ground state. So, in principle, the extra signature of the gamma ray following its de-excitation can be exploited experimentally.

scholarly journals Towards a fundamental safe theory of composite Higgs and dark matter

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Cacciapaglia ◽  
Teng Ma ◽  
Shahram Vatani ◽  
Yongcheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Fixed Point ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Electroweak Scale ◽  
Mass Gap ◽  
Composite Higgs ◽  
Partial Compositeness

AbstractWe present a novel paradigm that allows to define a composite theory at the electroweak scale that is well defined all the way up to any energy by means of safety in the UV. The theory flows from a complete UV fixed point to an IR fixed point for the strong dynamics (which gives the desired walking) before generating a mass gap at the TeV scale. We discuss two models featuring a composite Higgs, Dark Matter and partial compositeness for all SM fermions. The UV theories can also be embedded in a Pati–Salam partial unification, thus removing the instability generated by the $$\text{ U }(1)$$ U ( 1 ) running. Finally, we find a Dark Matter candidate still allowed at masses of 260 GeV, or 1.5–2 TeV, where the latter mass range will be covered by next generation direct detection experiments.

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