scholarly journals Minimum area, the flux tube, and Thomas precession

1999 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Williams
Keyword(s):  
Flux Tube ◽  
Thomas Precession ◽  
Minimum Area

scholarly journals Effective String Description of the Confining Flux Tube at Finite Temperature

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Michele Caselle
Keyword(s):  
Flux Tube ◽  
Dimensional Reduction ◽  
Conformal Invariance ◽  
Finite Temperature ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
Interquark Potential ◽  
Effective String Theory ◽  
Good Agreement

In this review, after a general introduction to the effective string theory (EST) description of confinement in pure gauge theories, we discuss the behaviour of EST as the temperature is increased. We show that, as the deconfinement point is approached from below, several universal features of confining gauge theories, like the ratio Tc/σ0, the linear increase of the squared width of the flux tube with the interquark distance, or the temperature dependence of the interquark potential, can be accurately predicted by the effective string. Moreover, in the vicinity of the deconfinement point the EST behaviour turns out to be in good agreement with what was predicted by conformal invariance or by dimensional reduction, thus further supporting the validity of an EST approach to confinement.

scholarly journals Incompressible magnetohydrodynamic modes in the thin magnetically twisted flux tube

2017 ◽  
Vol 604 ◽  
pp. A62 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. K. Cheremnykh ◽  
V. Fedun ◽  
A. N. Kryshtal ◽  
G. Verth
Keyword(s):  
Flux Tube

scholarly journals Temporary topological trapping and escape of charged particles in a flux tube as a cause of delay in time asymptotic transport

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Tooprakai ◽  
P. Chuychai ◽  
J. Minnie ◽  
D. Ruffolo ◽  
J. W. Bieber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flux Tube ◽  
Charged Particles

Forest management strategies for dealing with fire-related uncertainty when managing two forest seral stages

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Savage ◽  
David L. Martell ◽  
B. Mike Wotton
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Planning Model ◽  
Minimum Area ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Planning Models

Ecological values are an important aspect of sustainable forest management, but little attention has been paid to maintaining these values when using traditional linear programming (LP) forest management planning models in uncertain planning environments. We embedded an LP planning model that specifies when and how much to harvest in a simulation model of a “managed” flammable forest landscape. The simulation model was used to evaluate two strategies for dealing with fire-related uncertainty when managing mature and old forest areas. The two seral stage areas were constrained in the LP planning model to a minimum of 10% of the total forest area and the strategies were evaluated under four representative fire regimes. We also developed a risk analysis tool that can be used by forest managers that wish to incorporate fire-related uncertainty in their decision-making. We found that use of the LP model would reduce the areas of the mature and old forest to their lower bound and fire would further reduce the seral areas below those levels, particularly when the mean annual burn fraction exceeds 0.45% per annum. Increasing the minimum area required (i.e., the right-hand side of the constraint) would increase the likelihood of satisfying the minimum area requirements.

On changes of the rotation velocities of stable, recurrent sunspots and their interpretation with a flux tube model

Solar Physics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horst Balthasar ◽  
Manfred Sch�ssler ◽  
Hubertus W�hl
Keyword(s):  
Flux Tube ◽  
Tube Model

Heat Exchanger Design Targets for Minimum Area and Cost

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Muralikrishna ◽  
U.V. Shenoy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Minimum Area ◽  
Heat Exchanger Design
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