scholarly journals Gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries: Angular momentum flux, evolution of the orbital elements, and the waveform to the second post-Newtonian order

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 7708-7731 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gopakumar ◽  
Bala R. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Orbital Elements ◽  
Compact Binaries

Energy and momentum in general relativity - III. The total energy, momentum and angular momentum of an isolated finite system generating gravitational waves

1965 ◽  
Vol 286 (1405) ◽  
pp. 270-284 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Time Derivative ◽  
Complex Function ◽  
Finite System ◽  
Asymptotically Flat ◽  
Single Complex ◽  
Energy And Momentum

The theory of energy and momentum developed by the author is applied to the solution for the metric field obtained by Sachs for an isolated bounded source generating gravitational waves in space-time which is asymptotically flat. Expressions are found for the total 4-momentum and angular momentum of the field and source. The total energy agrees with the expression identified by Sachs as the mass of the system. Both the flux of 4-momentum and the flux of angular momentum to infinity are determined by a single complex function of three variables, and they both vanish when the time derivative of this function is zero (no news). Within the group of allowed transformations discussed by Sachs the 4-momentum flux to infinity is given uniquely.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Jet Formation on the Giant Planets

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 3652-3672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjun Liu ◽  
Tapio Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Rossby Wave ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Wave Generation ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Giant Planets ◽  
Radiative Heating ◽  
Flux Divergence ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Flow Configurations

Abstract The giant planet atmospheres exhibit alternating prograde (eastward) and retrograde (westward) jets of different speeds and widths, with an equatorial jet that is prograde on Jupiter and Saturn and retrograde on Uranus and Neptune. The jets are variously thought to be driven by differential radiative heating of the upper atmosphere or by intrinsic heat fluxes emanating from the deep interior. However, existing models cannot account for the different flow configurations on the giant planets in an energetically consistent manner. Here a three-dimensional general circulation model is used to show that the different flow configurations can be reproduced by mechanisms universal across the giant planets if differences in their radiative heating and intrinsic heat fluxes are taken into account. Whether the equatorial jet is prograde or retrograde depends on whether the deep intrinsic heat fluxes are strong enough that convection penetrates into the upper troposphere and generates strong equatorial Rossby waves there. Prograde equatorial jets result if convective Rossby wave generation is strong and low-latitude angular momentum flux divergence owing to baroclinic eddies generated off the equator is sufficiently weak (Jupiter and Saturn). Retrograde equatorial jets result if either convective Rossby wave generation is weak or absent (Uranus) or low-latitude angular momentum flux divergence owing to baroclinic eddies is sufficiently strong (Neptune). The different speeds and widths of the off-equatorial jets depend, among other factors, on the differential radiative heating of the atmosphere and the altitude of the jets, which are vertically sheared. The simulations have closed energy and angular momentum balances that are consistent with observations of the giant planets. They exhibit temperature structures closely resembling those observed and make predictions about as yet unobserved aspects of flow and temperature structures.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Size Change of Tropical Cyclones Traversing the Philippines

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (9) ◽  
pp. 2891-2911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Jeng Lin ◽  
Kun-Hsuan Chou
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Vertical Wind Shear ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Japan Meteorological Agency ◽  
The South ◽  
Size Change

Abstract This study investigates the size changes of tropical cyclones (TCs) traversing the Philippines based on a 37-yr statistical analysis. TC size is defined by the radius of 30-kt (≈15.4 m s−1) wind speed (R30) from the best track data of the Japan Meteorological Agency. A total of 71 TCs passed the Philippines during 1979–2015. The numbers of size increase (SI; 36) and size decrease (SD; 34) cases are very similar; however, the last 15 years have seen more SI cases (17) than SD cases (11). SI and SD cases mostly occur along northerly and southerly paths, respectively, after TCs pass the Philippines. Before landfall, SI cases have small initial sizes and weak intensities, but SD cases have larger initial sizes and stronger intensities. After landfall, most SI cases are intensifying storms, and most SD cases are nonintensifying storms. Composite analyses of vertical wind shear, absolute angular momentum flux, relative humidity, and sea surface temperature between SI and SD cases are compared. All of these values are larger in SI cases than in SD cases. Furthermore, the interdecadal difference in the ratio of the numbers of SI to SD cases reveals an unusually high number of SI cases during 2001–15. The synoptic patterns between 1979–2000 and 2001–15 are analyzed. The high SI ratio in the latter period is related to strong southwesterly wind in the south of the South China Sea that raised relative humidity, warmed the sea surface, and increased import of angular momentum flux.

Boundary conditions for Maxwell fields in Kerr-AdS spacetimes

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (09) ◽  
pp. 1641011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Perturbative Methods ◽  
Flux Boundary Conditions ◽  
Maxwell Fields ◽  
New Type

Perturbative methods are useful to study the interaction between black holes and test fields. The equation for a perturbation itself, however, is not complete to study such a composed system if we do not assign physically relevant boundary conditions. Recently we have proposed a new type of boundary conditions for Maxwell fields in Kerr-anti-de Sitter (Kerr-AdS) spacetimes, from the viewpoint that the AdS boundary may be regarded as a perfectly reflecting mirror, in the sense that energy flux vanishes asymptotically. In this paper, we prove explicitly that a vanishing energy flux leads to a vanishing angular momentum flux. Thus, these boundary conditions may be dubbed as vanishing flux boundary conditions.

scholarly journals Gravitational waves with orbital angular momentum

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratyusava Baral ◽  
Anarya Ray ◽  
Ratna Koley ◽  
Parthasarathi Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Orbital Angular Momentum
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