scholarly journals Can a logarithmically running coupling mimic a string tension?

1994 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 6009-6012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Grady
Keyword(s):  
String Tension ◽  
Running Coupling

A MODEL LAGRANGIAN FOR STRONG INTERACTIONS AT LARGE DISTANCES

1989 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEIUN SHINTANI
Keyword(s):  
Background Field ◽  
String Tension ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Running Coupling ◽  
Free Region ◽  
Running Coupling Constant ◽  
Background Field Method ◽  
The One

On the basis of the massive vector dipole theory as a model for strong interactions at large distances, we compute the counterterm Lagrangian at the one-loop level in the background field method. By smoothly relating the running coupling constant in the confining region to that in the asymptotically free region, we deduce a relationship between the string tension and the QCD scale parameter Λ QCD . With an input data of the string tension, we evaluate the value of Λ QCD . The lower bound to the distances where the dipole theory is valid relies on the number of flavors. The theory seems to be meaningful for six generations or less.

scholarly journals COMPUTATION OF THE SPATIAL STRING TENSION IN HIGH TEMPERATURE SU(2) GAUGE THEORY

1993 ◽  
Vol 04 (06) ◽  
pp. 1179-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. BALI ◽  
K. SCHILLING ◽  
J. FINGBERG ◽  
U. M. HELLER ◽  
F. KARSCH
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Scale Parameter ◽  
String Tension ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Running Coupling ◽  
Connection Machine ◽  
Running Coupling Constant ◽  
Sustained Performance

A detailed investigation of the temperature dependence of the spatial string tension σs in SU(2) gauge theory is presented. A sustained performance of 3 GFLOPS on a 64K Connection Machine CM-2 equivalent has been achieved. Scaling of σs between β = 2.5115 and β = 2.74, on large lattices, is demonstrated. Below the critical temperature, Tc, σs remains constant. For temperatures larger than 2Tc the temperature dependence can be parametrized by σs(T) = (0.369 ± 0.014)2g4(T)T2, where g(T) is a 2-loop running coupling constant with the scale parameter determined as ΛT = (0.076 ± 0.013)Tc.

scholarly journals SU(N) gauge theories in 3+1 dimensions: glueball spectrum, string tensions and topology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Athenodorou ◽  
Michael Teper
Keyword(s):  
Topological Charge ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Rotation Group ◽  
String Tension ◽  
Fundamental String ◽  
Running Coupling ◽  
Glueball Spectrum ◽  
Lattice Coupling ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Continuum

Abstract We calculate the low-lying glueball spectrum, several string tensions and some properties of topology and the running coupling for SU(N) lattice gauge theories in 3 + 1 dimensions. We do so for 2 ≤ N ≤ 12, using lattice simulations with the Wilson plaquette action, and for glueball states in all the representations of the cubic rotation group, for both values of parity and charge conjugation. We extrapolate these results to the continuum limit of each theory and then to N = ∞. For a number of these states we are able to identify their continuum spins with very little ambiguity. We calculate the fundamental string tension and k = 2 string tension and investigate the N dependence of the ratio. Using the string tension as the scale, we calculate the running of a lattice coupling and confirm that g2(a) ∝ 1/N for constant physics as N → ∞. We fit our calculated values of a√σ with the 3-loop β-function, and extract a value for $$ {\Lambda}_{\overline{MS}} $$ Λ MS ¯ , in units of the string tension, for all our values of N, including SU(3). We use these fits to provide analytic formulae for estimating the string tension at a given lattice coupling. We calculate the topological charge Q for N ≤ 6 where it fluctuates sufficiently for a plausible estimate of the continuum topological susceptibility. We also calculate the renormalisation of the lattice topological charge, ZQ(β), for all our SU(N) gauge theories, using a standard definition of the charge, and we provide interpolating formulae, which may be useful in estimating the renormalisation of the lattice θ parameter. We provide quantitative results for how the topological charge ‘freezes’ with decreasing lattice spacing and with increasing N. Although we are able to show that within our typical errors our glueball and string tension results are insensitive to the freezing of Q at larger N and β, we choose to perform our calculations with a typical distribution of Q imposed upon the fields so as to further reduce any potential systematic errors.

scholarly journals An Effective Model for Glueballs and Dual Superconductivity at Finite Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Adamu Issifu ◽  
Francisco A. Brito
Keyword(s):  
Finite Temperature ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
String Tension ◽  
Abelian Gauge ◽  
Confining Potential ◽  
Effective Masses ◽  
Qcd Vacuum ◽  
Color Confinement ◽  
Running Coupling ◽  
By Products

The glueballs lead to gluon and QCD monopole condensations as by-products of color confinement. A color dielectric function G ∣ ϕ ∣ coupled with a Abelian gauge field is properly defined to mediate the glueball interactions at confining regime after spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) of the gauge symmetry. The particles are expected to form through the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) hadronization phase where the free quarks and gluons start clamping together to form hadrons. The QCD-like vacuum η 2 m η 2 F μ ν F μ ν , confining potential V c r , string tension σ , penetration depth λ , superconducting and normal monopole densities ( n s   n n ), and the effective masses ( m η 2 and m A 2 ) will be investigated at finite temperature T . We also calculate the strong “running” coupling α s and subsequently the QCD β -function. The dual superconducting nature of the QCD vacuum will be investigated based on monopole condensation.

scholarly journals Confinement and Pseudoscalar Glueball Spectrum in the 2 + 1D QCD-Like Theory from the Non-Susy D2 Brane

2022 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 10004
Author(s):  
Adrita Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Bound States ◽  
String Tension ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Running Coupling ◽  
Monotonically Increasing Function ◽  
Glueball Spectrum ◽  
Holographic Approach ◽  
Increasing Function ◽  
Lattice Approach

We study two important properties of 2+1D QCD, namely confinement and Pseudoscalar glueball spectrum, using holographic approach. The confined state of the bounded quark-antiquark pair occurs in the self-coupling dominated nonperturbative regime, where the free gluons form the bound states, known as glueballs. The gauge theory corresponding to low energy decoupled geometry of isotropic non-supersymmetric D2 brane, which is again similar to the 2+1D YM theory, has been taken into account but in this case the coupling constant is found to vary with the energy scale. At BPS limit, this theory reduces to supersymmetric YM theory. We have considered NG action of a test string and calculate the potential of such confined state located on the boundary. The QCD flux tube tension for large quark-antiquark separation is observed to be a monotonically increasing function of running coupling. The mass spectrum of Pseudoscalar glueball is evaluated numerically from the fluctuations of the axion in the gravity theory using WKB approximation. This produces the mass to be related to the string tension and the levels of the first three energy states. The various results that we obtained quite match with those previously studied through the lattice approach.

scholarly journals Confinement on R3 × S1: Continuum and lattice

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (25) ◽  
pp. 1445003
Author(s):  
Michael C. Ogilvie
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Lattice Models ◽  
String Tension ◽  
Maximal Abelian Subgroup ◽  
Semiclassical Methods ◽  
Running Coupling ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Abelian Lattice ◽  
Area Law ◽  
The Continuum

There has been substantial progress in understanding confinement in a class of four-dimensional SU(N) gauge theories using semiclassical methods. These models have one or more compact directions, and much of the analysis is based on the physics of finite temperature gauge theories. The topology R3 × S1 has been most often studied using a small compactification circumference L such that the running coupling g2(L) is small. The gauge action is modified by a double-trace Polyakov loop deformation term, or by the addition of periodic adjoint fermions. The additional terms act to preserve Z(N) symmetry and thus confinement. An area law for Wilson loops is induced by a monopole condensate. In the continuum, the string tension can be computed analytically from topological effects. Lattice models display similar behavior, but the theoretical analysis of topological effects is based on Abelian lattice duality rather than on semiclassical arguments. In both cases, the key step is reducing the low-energy symmetry group from SU(N) to the maximal Abelian subgroup U(1)N-1 while maintaining Z(N) symmetry.

scholarly journals From Center-Vortex Ensembles to the Confining Flux Tube

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
David R. Junior ◽  
Luis E. Oxman ◽  
Gustavo M. Simões
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
String Tension ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
Flux Tubes ◽  
Topological Solitons ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Center Vortex ◽  
Asymptotic Scaling ◽  
The Continuum

In this review, we discuss the present status of the description of confining flux tubes in SU(N) pure Yang–Mills theory in terms of ensembles of percolating center vortices. This is based on three main pillars: modeling in the continuum the ensemble components detected in the lattice, the derivation of effective field representations, and contrasting the associated properties with Monte Carlo lattice results. The integration of the present knowledge about these points is essential to get closer to a unified physical picture for confinement. Here, we shall emphasize the last advances, which point to the importance of including the non-oriented center-vortex component and non-Abelian degrees of freedom when modeling the center-vortex ensemble measure. These inputs are responsible for the emergence of topological solitons and the possibility of accommodating the asymptotic scaling properties of the confining string tension.

scholarly journals Holographic anisotropic model for light quarks with confinement-deconfinement phase transition

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Ya. Aref’eva ◽  
Kristina Rannu ◽  
Pavel Slepov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
String Tension ◽  
Isotropic Case ◽  
Holographic Model ◽  
Anisotropic Model ◽  
Dilaton Field ◽  
Cornell Potential ◽  
Qcd Phase Diagram

Abstract We present a five-dimensional anisotropic holographic model for light quarks supported by Einstein-dilaton-two-Maxwell action. This model generalizing isotropic holographic model with light quarks is characterized by a Van der Waals-like phase transition between small and large black holes. We compare the location of the phase transition for Wilson loops with the positions of the phase transition related to the background instability and describe the QCD phase diagram in the thermodynamic plane — temperature T and chemical potential μ. The Cornell potential behavior in this anisotropic model is also studied. The asymptotics of the Cornell potential at large distances strongly depend on the parameter of anisotropy and orientation. There is also a nontrivial dependence of the Cornell potential on the boundary conditions of the dilaton field and parameter of anisotropy. With the help of the boundary conditions for the dilaton field one fits the results of the lattice calculations for the string tension as a function of temperature in isotropic case and then generalize to the anisotropic one.

scholarly journals Primordial monopoles and strings, inflation, and gravity waves

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joydeep Chakrabortty ◽  
George Lazarides ◽  
Rinku Maji ◽  
Qaisar Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Cosmic Strings ◽  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Gauge Coupling ◽  
String Tension ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Intermediate Scale ◽  
Tension Parameter ◽  
The Universe

Abstract We consider magnetic monopoles and strings that appear in non-supersymmetric SO(10) and E6 grand unified models paying attention to gauge coupling unification and proton decay in a variety of symmetry breaking schemes. The dimensionless string tension parameter Gμ spans the range 10−6− 10−30, where G is Newton’s constant and μ is the string tension. We show how intermediate scale monopoles with mass ∼ 1013− 1014 GeV and flux ≲ 2.8 × 10−16 cm−2s−1sr−1, and cosmic strings with Gμ ∼ 10−11− 10−10 survive inflation and are present in the universe at an observable level. We estimate the gravity wave spectrum emitted from cosmic strings taking into account inflation driven by a Coleman-Weinberg potential. The tensor-to-scalar ratio r lies between 0.06 and 0.003 depending on the details of the inflationary scenario.

scholarly journals Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in the massive Landau gauge: Realistic running coupling

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Peláez ◽  
Urko Reinosa ◽  
Julien Serreau ◽  
Matthieu Tissier ◽  
Nicolás Wschebor
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Chiral Symmetry ◽  
Chiral Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Landau Gauge ◽  
Spontaneous Chiral Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Running Coupling
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