Absolute Measurement of the Vertical Cosmic-Ray Muon Intensity near 1GeVcat 12°N

1972 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1068-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. De ◽  
P. Ghosh ◽  
S. Mitra ◽  
P. C. Bhattacharya ◽  
A. K. Das
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Absolute Measurement ◽  
Muon Intensity

Absolute measurement of the vertical cosmic ray muon intensity at 3 – 50 GeV/c near sea level

1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Bateman ◽  
W.G. Cantrell ◽  
D.R. Durda ◽  
N.M. Duller ◽  
P.J. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Absolute Measurement ◽  
Muon Intensity

Sea level muon spectrum from pion and kaon spectra in the atmosphere

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (18) ◽  
pp. 1880-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deba Prasad Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Equation ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Muon Spectrum ◽  
Momentum Range ◽  
Type Distribution ◽  
Muon Momentum ◽  
Muon Intensity

The pion and kaon spectra in the top of the atmosphere have been derived from the satellite data of cosmic ray nucleons by using the Bose-type distribution of secondary mesons produced in the inclusive reactions p + p → π− + X and p + p → K− + X. The derived pion and kaon spectra follow the relations of the form π(Eπ) dEπ = 0.184Eπ−2.6 dEπ and K(Ek) dEk = 0.036 Ek−2.6 dEk. With the help of the diffusion equation for pions and kaons in the atmosphere, the sea level muon spectrum has been derived and the results have been compared with the magnetic spectrograph data of Allkofer, Carstensen, and Dau in the muon momentum range 15–1000 GeV/c. The sea level muon intensity arising from kaon parentage increases with energy.

scholarly journals Atmospheric effects of the cosmic-ray mu-meson component

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Валерий Янчуковский ◽  
Valery Yanchukovsky ◽  
Василий Кузьменко ◽  
Vasiliy Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Atmospheric Component ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Muon Intensity ◽  
Barometric Effect

Variations in the intensity of cosmic rays observed in the depth of the atmosphere include the atmospheric component of the variations. Cosmic-ray muon telescopes, along with the barometric effect, have a significant temperature effect due to the instability of detected particles. To take into account atmospheric effects in muon telescope data, meteorological coefficients of muon intensity are found. The meteorological coefficients of the intensity of muons recorded in the depth of the atmosphere are estimated from experimental data, using various methods of factor analysis. The results obtained from experimental data are compared with the results of theoretical calculations.

scholarly journals An Absolute Measurement of Cherenkov Emission by Relativistic Muons in Pure Water

1984 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Bakich ◽  
LS Peak ◽  
NT Wearne
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Absolute Measurement ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Photomultiplier Tube ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Almost All

Relativistic cosmic ray muons passing through triple distilled water have been used to examine the absolute number of Cherenkov photons emitted between 250 and 650 nm. It is shown that almost all of the theoretically predicted photon number can be experimentally accounted for, provided that the apparatus is specifically designed to minimize losses due to reflection, absorption and coupling. It is noted that significant corrections need to be made for internal photomultiplier tube effects.

scholarly journals Deriving the solar activity cycle modulation on cosmic ray intensity observed by Nagoya muon detector from October 1970 until December 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (S328) ◽  
pp. 130-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael R. S. de Mendonça ◽  
Carlos. R. Braga ◽  
Ezequiel Echer ◽  
Alisson Dal Lago ◽  
Marlos Rockenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Activity Cycle ◽  
Solar Activity Cycle ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Muon Detector ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Cosmic Ray Intensity ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Muon Intensity

AbstractIt is well known that the cosmic ray intensity observed at the Earth's surface presents an 11 and 22-yr variations associated with the solar activity cycle. However, the observation and analysis of this modulation through ground muon detectors datahave been difficult due to the temperature effect. Furthermore, instrumental changes or temporary problems may difficult the analysis of these variations. In this work, we analyze the cosmic ray intensity observed since October 1970 until December 2012 by the Nagoya muon detector. We show the results obtained after analyzing all discontinuities and gaps present in this data and removing changes not related to natural phenomena. We also show the results found using the mass weighted method for eliminate the influence of atmospheric temperature changes on muon intensity observed at ground. As a preliminary result of our analyses, we show the solar cycle modulation in the muon intensity observed for more than 40 years.

Theoretical studies of in‐situ rock density determinations using underground cosmic‐ray muon intensity measurements with application in mining geophysics

Geophysics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1549-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Malmqvist ◽  
G. Jönsson ◽  
K. Kristiansson ◽  
L. Jacobsson
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Scintillation Counter ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Massive Sulfide ◽  
Rock Density ◽  
Density Anomaly ◽  
Intensity Measurements ◽  
Muon Intensity ◽  
Change In Mean

The feasibility of in‐situ rock density determinations by means of subsurface cosmic‐ray muon intensity measurements is based on theoretical calculations for two hypothetical scintillation counter telescopes: one is intended for registration in a gallery and the other is intended for use in narrow boreholes. It is shown that it is possible to measure the mean density of the rock traversed by the muons by measuring the muon intensity. The sensitivity of the method is favorable—a 1 percent change in mean rock density corresponds to a change of about 3 percent in the counting rate. A possible use of cosmic‐ray muon technique is the localization of an anomalous density distribution in overlying rock. A characteristic minimum registration time to detect a certain density anomaly varies from a few hours to about 10 days, depending on the geologic situation and the depth and design of the detector. The device is found to be most applicable for massive sulfide and iron exploration. This tecnique provides some new possibilities. A certain spatial resolution can be achieved at the expense of the registration time, and the overlying rock can, to some extent, be investigated in different directions from one point of observation. The method seems to be useful down to depths of approximately 600 m for the gallery application and 400 m for the borehole application. However, these limits are a consequence of the size of the detector, the size and density contrast of the target, and the maximum registration time accepted for each observation.

Cosmic-Ray Muon Intensity Deep Underground versus Depth

1991 ◽  
pp. 188-203
Author(s):  
B. S. MEYER ◽  
J. P. F. SELLSCHOP ◽  
M. F. CROUCH ◽  
W. R. KROPP ◽  
H. W. SOBEL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Deep Underground ◽  
Muon Intensity

The absolute vertical cosmic-ray muon intensity at sea level

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ashton ◽  
K. Tsuji ◽  
A. W. Wolfendale
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Muon Intensity
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