Effect of the Sun’s gravity on the distribution and detection of dark matter near the Earth

1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 2703-2713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Griest
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
The Earth

scholarly journals Phenomenology of magnetic black holes with electroweak-symmetric coronas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Bai ◽  
Joshua Berger ◽  
Mrunal Korwar ◽  
Nicholas Orlofsky
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Hawking Radiation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Parker Bound

Abstract Magnetically charged black holes (MBHs) are interesting solutions of the Standard Model and general relativity. They may possess a “hairy” electroweak-symmetric corona outside the event horizon, which speeds up their Hawking radiation and leads them to become nearly extremal on short timescales. Their masses could range from the Planck scale up to the Earth mass. We study various methods to search for primordially produced MBHs and estimate the upper limits on their abundance. We revisit the Parker bound on magnetic monopoles and show that it can be extended by several orders of magnitude using the large-scale coherent magnetic fields in Andromeda. This sets a mass-independent constraint that MBHs have an abundance less than 4 × 10−4 times that of dark matter. MBHs can also be captured in astrophysical systems like the Sun, the Earth, or neutron stars. There, they can become non-extremal either from merging with an oppositely charged MBH or absorbing nucleons. The resulting Hawking radiation can be detected as neutri- nos, photons, or heat. High-energy neutrino searches in particular can set a stronger bound than the Parker bound for some MBH masses, down to an abundance 10−7 of dark matter.

scholarly journals Gravimeter Search for Compact Dark Matter Objects Moving in the Earth

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Horowitz ◽  
R. Widmer-Schnidrig
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
The Earth

scholarly journals Gravitational Focusing of Low-Velocity Dark Matter on the Earth’s Surface

Galaxies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Sofue
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Solar System ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Velocity Flow ◽  
Solar System Objects

We show that the Earth acts as a high-efficiency gravitational collector of low-velocity flow of dark matter (DM). The focal point appears on the Earth’s surface, when the DM flow speed is about 17 km/s with respect to the geo-center. We discuss diurnal modulation of the local DM density influenced by the Earth’s gravity. We also touch upon similar effects on galactic and solar system objects.

Effect of elastic scattering in the Earth on cold dark matter experiments

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 5238-5246 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Collar ◽  
F. T. Avignone
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Elastic Scattering ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
The Earth

WIMP event rates in directional experiments: The diurnal variation signature

Open Physics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Vergados ◽  
Charalampos Moustakidis
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Event Rates ◽  
Matter Detection ◽  
Direct Dark Matter

AbstractThe recent WMAP data have confirmed that exotic dark matter together with the vacuum energy (cosmological constant) dominate in the flat Universe. Modern particle theories provide viable cold dark matter candidates with masses in the GeV-TeV region. All such candidates will be called WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles). The nature of dark matter can only be unraveled by its direct detection in the laboratory. In this work we present some theoretical elements relevant to the direct dark matter detection experiments, paying particular attention to directional experiments, i.e. experiments in which not only the energy but the direction of the recoiling nucleus is observed. Since the direction of observation is fixed with respect to the Earth, while the Earth is rotating around its axis, in a directional experiment the angle between the direction of observation and the Sun’s direction of motion will change during the day. So, since the event rates sensitively depend on this angle, the observed signal in such experiments will exhibit very interesting and characteristic periodic diurnal variation.

scholarly journals Relaxion stars and their detection via atomic physics

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Banerjee ◽  
Dmitry Budker ◽  
Joshua Eby ◽  
Hyungjin Kim ◽  
Gilad Perez
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Atomic Physics ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Hierarchy Problem ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Present Universe ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Physics Experiments ◽  
Detection Strategies

AbstractThe cosmological relaxion can address the hierarchy problem, while its coherent oscillations can constitute dark matter in the present universe. We consider the possibility that the relaxion forms gravitationally bound objects that we denote as relaxion stars. The density of these stars would be higher than that of the local dark matter density, resulting in enhanced signals in table-top detectors, among others. Furthermore, we raise the possibility that these objects may be trapped by an external gravitational potential, such as that of the Earth or the Sun. This leads to formation of relaxion halos of even greater density. We discuss several interesting implications of relaxion halos, as well as detection strategies to probe them. Here, we show that current and near-future atomic physics experiments can probe physical models of relaxion dark matter in scenarios of bound relaxion halos around the Earth or Sun.

scholarly journals Direct detection of mirror matter in Twin Higgs models

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zackaria Chacko ◽  
David Curtin ◽  
Michael Geller ◽  
Yuhsin Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Electron Recoil ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Event Rates ◽  
Modest Effect ◽  
Mirror Matter

Abstract We explore the possibility of discovering the mirror baryons and electrons of the Mirror Twin Higgs model in direct detection experiments, in a scenario in which these particles constitute a subcomponent of the observed DM. We consider a framework in which the mirror fermions are sub-nano-charged, as a consequence of kinetic mixing between the photon and its mirror counterpart. We consider both nuclear recoil and electron recoil experiments. The event rates depend on the fraction of mirror DM that is ionized, and also on its distribution in the galaxy. Since mirror DM is dissipative, at the location of the Earth it may be in the form of a halo or may have collapsed into a disk, depending on the cooling rate. For a given mirror DM abundance we determine the expected event rates in direct detection experiments for the limiting cases of an ionized halo, an ionized disk, an atomic halo and an atomic disk. We find that by taking advantage of the complementarity of the different experiments, it may be possible to establish not just the multi-component nature of mirror dark matter, but also its distribution in the galaxy. In addition, a study of the recoil energies may be able to determine the masses and charges of the constituents of the mirror sector. By showing that the mass and charge of mirror helium are integer multiples of those of mirror hydrogen, these experiments have the potential to distinguish the mirror nature of the theory. We also carefully consider mirror plasma screening effects, showing that the capture of mirror dark matter particles in the Earth has at most a modest effect on direct detection signals.

Dark Matter

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Bertone
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Expansion Rate ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Modern Cosmology ◽  
Large Effort ◽  
The Universe

I introduce here the problem of dark energy, a substance that appears to be pushing the Universe to expand ever faster and discuss the large effort currently in place to understand its origin. I describe the surprising recent discovery of a widening crack in the cathedral of modern cosmology arising from the measurement of the expansion rate of the Universe. And I argue that gravitational waves observations can help us to either repair that crack, or to bring down that magnificent building, in case it turns out to be fatally flawed. Before all women and all men. Before animals, plants, archaeans, bacteria. Before the Earth was formed and the stars were lit. Before everything we know, the Universe was immersed in an amorphous and oblivious darkness.

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