Structure of asymptotic fields associated with permanently confined degrees of freedom in quantum field theory

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 2576-2582 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. W. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Asymptotic Fields

scholarly journals How low can vacuum energy go when your fields are finite-dimensional?

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 1944006
Author(s):  
ChunJun Cao ◽  
Aidan Chatwin-Davies ◽  
Ashmeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Locally Finite ◽  
Finite Dimensional ◽  
Finite Dimensionality ◽  
Klein Gordon ◽  
Dimensional Version

According to the holographic bound, there is only a finite density of degrees of freedom in space when gravity is taken into account. Conventional quantum field theory does not conform to this bound, since in this framework, infinitely many degrees of freedom may be localized to any given region of space. In this paper, we explore the viewpoint that quantum field theory may emerge from an underlying theory that is locally finite-dimensional, and we construct a locally finite-dimensional version of a Klein–Gordon scalar field using generalized Clifford algebras. Demanding that the finite-dimensional field operators obey a suitable version of the canonical commutation relations makes this construction essentially unique. We then find that enforcing local finite dimensionality in a holographically consistent way leads to a huge suppression of the quantum contribution to vacuum energy, to the point that the theoretical prediction becomes plausibly consistent with observations.

Renormalization Group

2020 ◽  
pp. 289-318
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Mussardo
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Renormalization Group ◽  
Critical Phenomena ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Gaussian Model ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Important Notion ◽  
Effective Hamiltonians

Chapter 8 introduces the key ideas of the renormalization group, including how they provide a theoretical scheme and a proper language to face critical phenomena. It covers the scaling transformations of a system and their implementations in the space of the coupling constants and reducing the degrees of freedom. From this analysis, the reader is led to the important notion of relevant, irrelevant and marginal operators and then to the universality of the critical phenomena. Furthermore, the chapter also covers (as regards the RG) transformation laws, effective Hamiltonians, the Gaussian model, the Ising model, operators of quantum field theory, universal ratios, critical exponents and β‎-functions.

scholarly journals QUANTUM FIELD THEORY ON CURVED BACKGROUNDS — A PRIMER

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (17) ◽  
pp. 1330023 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCO BENINI ◽  
CLAUDIO DAPPIAGGI ◽  
THOMAS-PAUL HACK
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Hilbert Space ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Algebraic Approach ◽  
Quantum Field Theories ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
System A ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Free Fields

Goal of this paper is to introduce the algebraic approach to quantum field theory on curved backgrounds. Based on a set of axioms, first written down by Haag and Kastler, this method consists of a two-step procedure. In the first one, it is assigned to a physical system a suitable algebra of observables, which is meant to encode all algebraic relations among observables, such as commutation relations. In the second step, one must select an algebraic state in order to recover the standard Hilbert space interpretation of a quantum system. As quantum field theories possess infinitely many degrees of freedom, many unitarily inequivalent Hilbert space representations exist and the power of such approach is the ability to treat them all in a coherent manner. We will discuss in detail the algebraic approach for free fields in order to give the reader all necessary information to deal with the recent literature, which focuses on the applications to specific problems, mostly in cosmology.

MESON-DIQUARK LOOP EXPANSION

1993 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 277-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. LUTZ ◽  
J. PRASCHIFKA
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Effective Action ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Auxiliary Field ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Field Approach ◽  
Loop Expansion ◽  
Quark Models

We consider a general (nonlocal) four-fermion quantum field theory and show how the Cornwall-Jackiw-Tomboulis effective action can be systematically expanded in the number, η, of composite, bose loops. This is achieved by the introduction of auxiliary, bilocal fields which describe fermion-fermion and fermion-antifermion correlations. The η expansion can be understood as a generalization of the [Formula: see text] expansion and is of particular interest in quark models, for example, where the bilocal fields can be identified with meson and diquark degrees of freedom. Comparison with the usual loop (ħ) expansion reveals some unusual characteristics of the η expansion and throws light on recent studies of diquark degrees of freedom in which the auxiliary field approach is used.

STABLE QUASIPARTICLE PICTURE IN THERMAL QUANTUM FIELD PHYSICS

1994 ◽  
Vol 09 (10) ◽  
pp. 1703-1729 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. CHU ◽  
H. UMEZAWA
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Fock Space ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Self Energy ◽  
Vector Algebra ◽  
Physical Particle ◽  
Usual Quantum ◽  
Definition Of

It is well known that physical particles are thermally dissipative at finite temperature. In this paper we reformulate both the equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermal field theories in terms of stable quasiparticles. We will redefine the thermal doublets, the double tilde conjugation rules and the thermal Bogoliubov transformations so that our theory can be consistent for most general situations. All operators, including the dissipative physical particle operators, are realized in a Fock space defined by the stable quasiparticles. The propagators of the physical particles are expressed in terms of the operators of such stable quasiparticles, which is a simple diagonal matrix with the diagonal elements being the temporal step functions, same as the propagators in the usual quantum field theory without thermal degrees of freedom. The proper self-energies are also expressed in terms of these stable quasiparticle propagators. This formalism inherits the definition of on-shell self-energy in the usual quantum field theory. With this definition, a self-consistent renormalization is formulated which leads to quantum Boltzmann equation and the entropy law. With the aid of a doublet vector algebra we have an extremely simple recipe for computing Feynman diagrams. We apply this recipe to several examples of equilibrium and nonequilibrium two-point functions, and to the kinetic equation for the particle numbers.

scholarly journals HIDDEN ENTANGLEMENT AND UNITARITY AT THE PLANCK SCALE

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHELE ARZANO ◽  
ALIOSCIA HAMMA ◽  
SIMONE SEVERINI
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Fock Spaces ◽  
Local Quantum ◽  
Black Hole Information ◽  
Entanglement Transfer ◽  
Planck Energy

Attempts to go beyond the framework of local quantum field theory include scenarios in which the action of external symmetries on the quantum fields Hilbert space is deformed. We show how the Fock spaces of such theories exhibit a richer structure in their multi-particle sectors. When the deformation scale is proportional to the Planck energy, such new structure leads to the emergence of a "planckian" mode-entanglement, invisible to an observer that cannot probe the Planck scale. To the same observer, certain unitary processes would appear non-unitary. We show how entanglement transfer to the additional degrees of freedom can provide a potential way out of the black hole information paradox.

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