Gauge-invariant extension of theσmodel with electromagnetic interactions

1977 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 514-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Madore
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Invariant Extension ◽  
Electromagnetic Interactions

The Standard Theory

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Iliopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Invariant Theory ◽  
Standard Theory ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Electromagnetic Interactions ◽  
Protons And Neutrons ◽  
Free Particles ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Theory And Experiment

All ingredients of the previous chapters are combined in order to build a gauge invariant theory of the interactions among the elementary particles. We start with a unified model of the weak and the electromagnetic interactions. The gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken through the BEH mechanism and we identify the resulting BEH boson. Then we describe the theory known as quantum chromodynamics (QCD), a gauge theory of the strong interactions. We present the property of confinement which explains why the quarks and the gluons cannot be extracted out of the protons and neutrons to form free particles. The last section contains a comparison of the theoretical predictions based on this theory with the experimental results. The agreement between theory and experiment is spectacular.

scholarly journals ARE THERE INFINITELY MANY DECOMPOSITIONS OF THE NUCLEON SPIN?

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1460031
Author(s):  
MASASHI WAKAMATSU
Keyword(s):  
Nucleon Spin ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Decomposition Problem ◽  
Invariant Extension

We argue against the rapidly spreading idea of gauge-invariant-extension (GIE) approach in the nucleon spin decomposition problem, which implies the existence of infinitely many gauge-invariant decomposition of the nucleon spin.

scholarly journals Quantum Electrodynamics of Particles with Arbitrary Spin

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
HS Green
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Electromagnetic Coupling ◽  
Arbitrary Spin ◽  
Positive Definite ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Electromagnetic Interactions ◽  
Higher Spin

A generalization of quantum electrodynamics is developed for particles of higher spin, with careful attention to the requirements of consistency, causality, unitarity and renormalizability. It is shown that field equations studied previously by the author are expressible in arbitrarily many different forms, which are equivalent in the absence of electromagnetic interactions, but not when electromagnetic coupling is introduced in a gauge-invariant way. A form is chosen which satisfies the requirements of causality. It is shown how to define a particle density, which is positive-definite in the subspace spanned by solutions of the field equation, and satisfies a Lorentz-invariant conservation law. The quantization and renormalization of the resulting electrodynamics is studied, and is found to require only minor modifications of the existing theory for particles of spin t.

A minimal gauge-invariant extension of pion exchange in the inclusive reactions γp→π± + anything

1973 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Giesecke ◽  
H. J. Rothe ◽  
K. H. Mütter
Keyword(s):  
Pion Exchange ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Invariant Extension

scholarly journals GAUGED WZW MODELS VIA EQUIVARIANT COHOMOLOGY

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 1343-1352
Author(s):  
HUGO GARCÍA-COMPEÁN ◽  
PABLO PANIAGUA
Keyword(s):  
Equivariant Cohomology ◽  
Higher Dimensions ◽  
Dimensional Case ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Anomaly Cancellation ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Cancellation Condition ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Invariant Extension

The problem of finding a systematic computation of the gauge-invariant extension of WZW term by using equivariant cohomology is addressed. Witten's analysis for the two-dimensional case is extended to higher dimensions, in particular to four dimensions. It is shown that Cartan's model is used to find the anomaly cancellation condition while Weil's model is more appropriated to express the gauge-invariant extension of the WZW term. In the process we point out that both models are also useful to emphasize some nice relations with the Abelian anomaly.

Non-Anomalous Generalized Chiral Schwinger Model

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 1235-1240
Author(s):  
A. De Souza Dutra
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Schwinger Model ◽  
Invariant Extension ◽  
Other Hand

Recently, Basseto and Griguolo1 did a perturbative quantization of what they called a generalized chiral Schwinger model. As a consequence of the kind of quantization adopted, some gauge-dependent masses raised in the model. On the other hand, we discussed the possibility of introducing a generalized Wess–Zumino term,2 where such gauge-dependent masses did appear. Here we intend to show that one can construct a non-anomalous version of a model which include that presented by Basseto and Griguolo as a particular case, by adding to it a generalized Wess–Zumino term, as proposed in Ref. 2. So we conclude that it is possible to construct a gauge-invariant extension of the model quoted in Ref. 1, and this can be done through a Wess–Zumino term of the type proposed in Ref. 2.

scholarly journals GAUGE-INVARIANT EXTENSION OF LINEARIZED HORAVA GRAVITY

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (37) ◽  
pp. 2793-2801 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDIPTA DAS ◽  
SUBIR GHOSH
Keyword(s):  
Hamiltonian Dynamics ◽  
Einstein Gravity ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Invariant Extension ◽  
Systematic Procedure ◽  
Horava Gravity ◽  
Dirac Brackets

In this paper we have constructed a gauge-invariant extension of a generic Horava Gravity (HG) model (with quadratic curvature terms) in linearized version in a systematic procedure. No additional fields are introduced. The linearized HG model is explicitly shown to be a gauge fixed version of the Einstein Gravity (EG) thus proving the Bellorin–Restuccia conjecture in a robust way. In the process we have explicitly computed the correct Hamiltonian dynamics using Dirac Brackets appearing from the Second Class Constraints present in the HG model. We comment on applying this scheme to the full nonlinear HG.

scholarly journals Quantum gauge transformation, gauge-invariant extension and angular momentum decomposition in Abelian Higgs model

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (39) ◽  
pp. 1850229
Author(s):  
Israel Weimin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Gauge Transformation ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Gauge Condition ◽  
Matter Field ◽  
Higgs Model ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Abelian Higgs Model ◽  
Invariant Extension ◽  
Separation Pattern

I discuss the momentum and angular momentum decomposition problem in the Abelian Higgs model. The usual gauge-invariant extension (GIE) construction is incorporated naturally into the framework of quantum gauge transformation à la Strocchi and Wightman and with this, I investigate the momentum and angular momentum separation in a class of GIE conditions which correspond to the so-called “static gauges”. Using this language, I find that the so-called “generator criterion” does not generally hold even for the dressed physical field. In the case of U(1) symmetry breaking, I generalize the standard GIE construction to include the matter field degrees of freedom so that the usual separation pattern of momentum and angular momentum in the unitarity gauge can be incorporated into the same universal framework. When the static gauge condition could not uniquely fix the gauge, I show that this GIE construction should be expanded to take into account the residual gauge symmetry. In some cases, I reveal that the usual momentum or angular momentum separation pattern in terms of the physical dressed field variables needs some type of modification due to the nontrivial commutator structure of the underlying quantum gauge choice. Finally, I give some remarks on the general GIE constructions in connection with the possible commutator issues and modification of momentum and angular momentum separation patterns.

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