scholarly journals High sensitivity characterization of an ultrahigh purity NaI(Tl) crystal scintillator with the SABRE proof-of-principle detector

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Calaprice ◽  
S. Copello ◽  
I. Dafinei ◽  
D. D’Angelo ◽  
G. D’Imperio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Crystal Scintillator ◽  
Proof Of Principle

Ultrastructural identification of three types of sensory setae on copepod antennae

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 956-957
Author(s):  
T. M. Weatherby ◽  
P.H. Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Phase Locking ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Marine Food Webs ◽  
Dendritic Membrane ◽  
Ultrastructural Characterization

Crustaceans, as well as other arthropods, are covered with sensory setae and hairs, including mechanoand chemosensory sensillae with a ciliary origin. Calanoid copepods are small planktonic crustaceans forming a major link in marine food webs. In conjunction with behavioral and physiological studies of the antennae of calanoids, we undertook the ultrastructural characterization of sensory setae on the antennae of Pleuromamma xiphias.Distal mechanoreceptive setae exhibit exceptional behavioral and physiological performance characteristics: high sensitivity (<10 nm displacements), fast reaction times (<1 msec latency) and phase locking to high frequencies (1-2 kHz). Unusual structural features of the mechanoreceptors are likely to be related to their physiological sensitivity. These features include a large number (up to 3000) of microtubules in each sensory cell dendrite, arising from or anchored to electron dense rods associated with the ciliary basal body microtubule doublets. The microtubules are arranged in a regular array, with bridges between and within rows. These bundles of microtubules extend far into each mechanoreceptive seta and terminate in a staggered fashion along the dendritic membrane, contacting a large membrane surface area and providing a large potential site of mechanotransduction.

scholarly journals Average fractional polarization of extragalactic sources at Planck frequencies

2018 ◽  
Vol 618 ◽  
pp. A29 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Trombetti ◽  
C. Burigana ◽  
G. De Zotti ◽  
V. Galluzzi ◽  
M. Massardi
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Residual Noise ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Dusty Galaxies ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Polarization Fraction

Recent detailed simulations have shown that an insufficiently accurate characterization of the contamination of unresolved polarized extragalactic sources can seriously bias measurements of the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum if the tensor-to-scalar ratio r ∼ 0.001, as predicted by models currently of special interest (e.g., Starobinsky’s R2 and Higgs inflation). This has motivated a reanalysis of the median polarization fraction of extragalactic sources (radio-loud AGNs and dusty galaxies) using data from the Planck polarization maps. Our approach, exploiting the intensity distribution analysis, mitigates or overcomes the most delicate aspects of earlier analyses based on stacking techniques. By means of simulations, we have shown that the residual noise bias on the median polarization fraction, Πmedian, of extragalactic sources is generally ≲0.1%. For radio sources, we have found Πmedian ≃ 2.83%, with no significant dependence on either frequency or flux density, in good agreement with the earlier estimate and with high-sensitivity measurements in the frequency range 5–40 GHz. No polarization signal is detected in the case of dusty galaxies, implying 90% confidence upper limits of Πdusty ≲ 2.2% at 353 GHz and of ≲3.9% at 217 GHz. The contamination of CMB polarization maps by unresolved point sources is discussed.

scholarly journals A closed-loop optogenetic screen for neurons controlling feeding in Drosophila

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia K S Lau ◽  
Meghan Jelen ◽  
Michael D Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Taste Detection ◽  
Proof Of Principle ◽  
Feeding Circuits

Abstract Feeding is an essential part of animal life that is greatly impacted by the sense of taste. Although the characterization of taste-detection at the periphery has been extensive, higher order taste and feeding circuits are still being elucidated. Here, we use an automated closed-loop optogenetic activation screen to detect novel taste and feeding neurons in Drosophila melanogaster. Out of 122 Janelia FlyLight Project GAL4 lines preselected based on expression pattern, we identify six lines that acutely promote feeding and 35 lines that inhibit it. As proof of principle, we follow up on R70C07-GAL4, which labels neurons that strongly inhibit feeding. Using split-GAL4 lines to isolate subsets of the R70C07-GAL4 population, we find both appetitive and aversive neurons. Furthermore, we show that R70C07-GAL4 labels putative second-order taste interneurons that contact both sweet and bitter sensory neurons. These results serve as a resource for further functional dissection of fly feeding circuits.

scholarly journals Complex Permittivity Characterization of Liquid Samples Based on a Split Ring Resonator (SRR)

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3385
Author(s):  
Jialu Ma ◽  
Jingchao Tang ◽  
Kaicheng Wang ◽  
Lianghao Guo ◽  
Yubin Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Complex Permittivity ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Debye Model ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Liquid Samples ◽  
Microwave Sensor

A complex permittivity characterization method for liquid samples has been proposed. The measurement is carried out based on a self-designed microwave sensor with a split ring resonator (SRR), the unload resonant frequency of which is 5.05 GHz. The liquid samples in capillary are placed in the resonant zone of the fabricated senor for high sensitivity measurement. The frequency shift of 58.7 MHz is achieved when the capillary is filled with ethanol, corresponding a sensitivity of 97.46 MHz/μL. The complex permittivity of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol (IPA) and deionized water at the resonant frequency are measured and calibrated by the first order Debye model. Then, the complex permittivity of different concentrations of aqueous solutions of these materials are measured by using the calibrated sensor system. The results show that the proposed sensor has high sensitivity and accuracy in measuring the complex permittivity of liquid samples with volumes as small as 0.13 μL. It provides a useful reference for the complex permittivity characterization of small amount of liquid chemical samples. In addition, the characterization of an important biological sample (inositol) is carried out by using the proposed sensor.

Characterization of Piezoelectric Nanofiber Composites Acoustic Emission Sensor for Structure Health Monitoring

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Chen ◽  
Yong Shi
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Steel Bar ◽  
Promising Application ◽  
Soft Polymer ◽  
Active Fiber Composites ◽  
The Mathematical Model

A nanoscale active fiber composites (NAFCs) based acoustic emission (AE) sensor with high sensitivity is developed. The lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanofibers, with the diameter of approximately 80 nm, were electrospun on a silicon substrate. Nanofibers were parallel aligned on the substrate under a controlled electric field. The interdigitated electrodes were deposited on the PZT nanofibers and packaged by spinning a thin soft polymer layer on the top of the sensor. The hysteresis loop shows a typical ferroelectric property of as-spun PZT nanofibers. The mathematical model of the voltage generation when the elastic waves were reaching the sensor was studied. The sensor was tested by mounting on a steel surface and the measured output voltage under the periodic impact of a grounded steel bar was over 35 mV. The small size of the developed PZT NAFCs AE sensor shows a promising application in monitoring the structures by integration into composites.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF MYOCARDIAL INJURY WITH HIGH-SENSITIVITY TROPONIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (18) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Nayrana Griffith ◽  
Dylan Walter ◽  
Sant Kumar ◽  
Heather Fahey ◽  
Sriram Padmanabhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Sensitivity Troponin

New Strategies in High Sensitivity Characterization of Proteins Separated from 1-D or 2-D Gels

1995 ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Gevaert ◽  
Marc Rider ◽  
Magda Puype ◽  
Jozef Van Damme ◽  
Stefaan De Boeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
New Strategies

scholarly journals Investigation of the Antimicrobial Activity and Hematological Pattern of Nano-Chitosan and its Developed Nano-Copper Composite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somia Ahmed ◽  
Hadeer Mohamed ◽  
Abeer Al-Subaie ◽  
Ahoud Al-Ohali ◽  
Nesrine Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Copper Composite ◽  
Biogenic Nanoparticles

Abstract Novel synthesized Chitosan-Copper oxide nanocomposite (Cs-CuO) was prepared using pomegranate peels extract as green precipitating agents to improve the biological activity of Cs-NP's which was synthesized through ionic gelation method. The characterization of biogenic nanoparticles Cs-NP's and Cs-CuO-NP's were investigated structurally, morphologically to determine the full descriptive features of those nanoparticles. Antimicrobial activity was tested for both Cs-NP's and Cs-CuO-NP's via Minimum inhibition concentration and zone analysis against fungus, gram positive and gram negative. The results of the antimicrobial test showed high sensitivity of Cs-CuO-NP's to all microorganisms that are tested in concentration less than 20 mg/ml while the sensitivity of Cs-NP's against all microorganisms under test started from a concentration of 20 mg/ml to 40 mg/ml except for the C.albicans species. Hematological activity was also tested in via measuring the RBCs, platelets count and clotting time against healthy, diabetic and hypercholesterolic blood samples. Measurement showed a decrease in RBCs and platelets count by adding Cs-NP’s or Cs-CuO-NP's to the three blood samples. Cs-NP’s success to decrease the clotting time for healthy and diabetic blood acting as a procoagulant agent, while adding biogenic CuO-NP’s to Cs-NP’s increased clotting time considering as an anticoagulant agent for hyperchloesterolic blood samples.

The optimum cut-off value to differentiate Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto from other species of E. granulosus sensu lato using larval rostellar hook morphometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Soriano ◽  
N.B. Pierangeli ◽  
L.A. Pianciola ◽  
M. Mazzeo ◽  
L.E. Lazzarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
First Time

AbstractCystic echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato is one of the most important helminth zoonoses in the world; it affects both humans and livestock. The disease is endemic in Argentina and highly endemic in the province of Neuquén. Considerable genetic and phenotypic variation has been demonstrated in E. granulosus, and ten different genotypes (G1–G10) have been identified using molecular tools. Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato may be considered a species complex, comprised of E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1–G3), E. equinus (G4), E. ortleppi (G5) and E. canadensis (G6–G10). In endemic areas, the characterization of cystic echinococcosis molecular epidemiology is important in order to apply adequate control strategies. A cut-off value for larval large hook total length to distinguish E. granulosus sensu stricto isolates from those produced by other species of the complex was defined for the first time. Overall, 1780 larval hooks of 36 isolates obtained from sheep (n= 11, G1), goats (n= 10, G6), cattle (n= 5, G6) and pigs (n= 10, G7) were analysed. Validation against molecular genotyping as gold standard was carried out using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The optimum cut-off value was defined as 26.5 μm. The proposed method showed high sensitivity (97.8%) and specificity (91.1%). Since in most endemic regions the molecular epidemiology of echinococcosis includes the coexistence of the widely distributed E. granulosus sensu stricto G1 strain and other species of the complex, this technique could be useful as a quick and economical tool for epidemiological and surveillance field studies, when fertile cysts are present.

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