scholarly journals Neutrino, electroweak, and nuclear physics from COHERENT elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering with refined quenching factor

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cadeddu ◽  
F. Dordei ◽  
C. Giunti ◽  
Y. F. Li ◽  
Y. Y. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Quenching Factor ◽  
Nucleus Scattering

scholarly journals Flavor-dependent radiative corrections in coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Tomalak ◽  
Pedro Machado ◽  
Vishvas Pandey ◽  
Ryan Plestid
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Heavy Particle ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Radiative Corrections ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Nucleus Scattering

Abstract We calculate coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering cross sections on spin-0 nuclei (e.g. 40Ar and 28Si) at energies below 100 MeV within the Standard Model and account for all effects of permille size. We provide a complete error budget including uncertainties at nuclear, nucleon, hadronic, and quark levels separately as well as perturbative error. Our calculation starts from the four-fermion effective field theory to explicitly separate heavy-particle mediated corrections (which are absorbed by Wilson coefficients) from light-particle contributions. Electrons and muons running in loops introduce a non- trivial dependence on the momentum transfer due to their relatively light masses. These same loops, and those mediated by tau leptons, break the flavor universality because of mass-dependent electromagnetic radiative corrections. Nuclear physics uncertainties significantly cancel in flavor asymmetries resulting in subpercent relative errors. We find that for low neutrino energies, the cross section can be predicted with a relative precision that is competitive with neutrino-electron scattering. We highlight potentially useful applications of such a precise cross section prediction ranging from precision tests of the Standard Model, to searches for new physics and to the monitoring of nuclear reactors.

scholarly journals On the Possibility of Separating Coherent and Incoherent (Anti)neutrino Scattering on Nuclei

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-327
Author(s):  
V. A. Bednyakov ◽  
D. V. Naumov ◽  
I. V. Titkova
Keyword(s):  
Quantum State ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Neutrino Energy ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Inelastic Interaction ◽  
Inelastic Process ◽  
Kinematical Region ◽  
Neutrino Scattering ◽  
Nucleus Scattering

Abstract The discovery of coherent neutrino–nucleus scattering in the COHERENT experiment opened a source of new information for fundamental investigations in the realms of neutrino and nuclear physics, as well as in the realms of searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model. Owing to substantial momentum transfers, a feature peculiar to the kinematical region of this experiment is that the effect of coherence is mixed with a sizable incoherent contribution rather than being seen in a pure form. On one hand, this leads to additional systematic uncertainties in studying the neutrino component of the coherence effect as such. On the other hand, this makes it possible to study a dynamical transition between the coherent and incoherent scattering modes and, in principle, to separate them experimentally. In our opinion, a consistent measurement of the coherent and incoherent cross sections for (anti)neutrino scattering on a nucleus in the same experiment seems a unique possibility, and its implementation would of course provide new data for neutrino physics, as well as for nuclear and new physics. In the present study, it is shown that this possibility is implementable not only in experiments that explore coherent neutrino and antineutrino scattering on various nuclei at accelerators, where the neutrino energy reaches several hundred MeV units but also in reactor experiments, where antineutrino energies do not exceed 10 MeV. The respective estimation is based on the approach that controls qualitatively a ‘‘smooth transition’’ of the cross section for (anti)neutrino–nucleus scattering from a coherent (or elastic) to an incoherent (inelastic) mode. In the former case, the target nucleus remains in the initial quantum state, while, in the latter case, its quantum state changes. Observation of a specific number of photons that have rather high energies and which remove the excitation of the nucleus after its inelastic interaction with (anti)neutrinos is proposed to be used as a signal from such an inelastic process. An upper limit on the number of such photons is obtained in this study.

Nuclear Processes Related to the Ap Stars and the Heaviest Chemical Elements

1976 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
B. Kuchowicz
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Abundance Pattern ◽  
Isotopic Shifts ◽  
Processed Material ◽  
R Process ◽  
Ap Stars ◽  
Nuclear Processes

SummaryIsotopic shifts in the lines of the heavy elements in Ap stars, and the characteristic abundance pattern of these elements point to the fact that we are observing mainly the products of rapid neutron capture. The peculiar A stars may be treated as the show windows for the products of a recent r-process in their neighbourhood. This process can be located either in Supernovae exploding in a binary system in which the present Ap stars were secondaries, or in Supernovae exploding in young clusters. Secondary processes, e.g. spontaneous fission or nuclear reactions with highly abundant fission products, may occur further with the r-processed material in the surface of the Ap stars. The role of these stars to the theory of nucleosynthesis and to nuclear physics is emphasized.

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