scholarly journals Energy-conservation constraints on cosmic string loop production and distribution functions

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose J. Blanco-Pillado ◽  
Ken D. Olum ◽  
Jeremy M. Wachter
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Cosmic String ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
String Loop

Exploding the Supply Chain

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-136
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Chip Design ◽  
Technology Markets ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Expropriation Risk ◽  
Patent Enforcement ◽  
Design Firms ◽  
Innovation Economy ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter describes the relationship between secure patent enforcement, the disaggregation of technology supply chains, and reduced entry barriers in three core segments of the modern innovation economy. The establishment of the Federal Circuit in 1982, coupled with the relaxation of antitrust restrictions on licensing starting in 1977, inaugurated a strong-IP regime that has enabled firms to mitigate the expropriation risk inherent to the transfer and exchange of informational assets. In the biotechnology market, secure patents have facilitated transactions between R&D-intensive start-ups and large pharmaceutical companies that specialize in the testing, production, and distribution functions required to reach market. In certain segments of the semiconductor market, secure patents have facilitated transactions between chip-design firms and “foundries” that specialize in chip production. In certain information-technology markets, secure patents have facilitated IP-licensing structures that promote informational dissemination among a broad population of producers and other intermediate users.

scholarly journals Cosmic string loop collapse in full general relativity

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Helfer ◽  
Josu C. Aurrekoetxea ◽  
Eugene A. Lim
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Cosmic String ◽  
String Loop

scholarly journals Effects of inflation on a cosmic string loop population

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. Avelino ◽  
C. J. A. P. Martins ◽  
E. P. S. Shellard
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic String ◽  
String Loop

Numerical analysis of the dynamics of a cosmic string loop as a vortex

1995 ◽  
Vol 345 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiyasu Nagasawa ◽  
Jun'ichi Yokoyama
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Cosmic String ◽  
String Loop

scholarly journals Constraints on the cosmic string loop collapse fraction from primordial black holes

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe James-Turner ◽  
Danton P. B. Weil ◽  
Anne M. Green ◽  
Edmund J. Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Cosmic String ◽  
Primordial Black Holes ◽  
String Loop
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