scholarly journals Geometric relation between centrality and the impact parameter in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Broniowski ◽  
Wojciech Florkowski
Keyword(s):  
Impact Parameter ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Geometric Relation ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Relating Charged Particle Multiplicity to Impact Parameter in Heavy-Ion Collisions at NICA Energies

Particles ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-287
Author(s):  
Petr Parfenov ◽  
Dim Idrisov ◽  
Vinh Ba Luong ◽  
Arkadiy Taranenko
Keyword(s):  
Impact Parameter ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Particle Multiplicity ◽  
Charged Particle Multiplicity ◽  
Final State ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
The Impact

The size and evolution of the matter created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions strongly depend on collision geometry, defined by the impact parameter. However, the impact parameter cannot be measured directly in an experiment but might be inferred from final state observables using the centrality procedure. We present the procedure of centrality determination for the Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) at the NICA collider and its performance using the multiplicity of produced charged particles at midrapidity. The validity of the procedure is assessed using the simulated data for Au + Au collisions at sNN = 4–11 GeV.

scholarly journals Impact Parameter Dependence ofπ-/π+Ratio in Probing the Nuclear Symmetry Energy Using Heavy-Ion Collisions

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao-Feng Wei ◽  
Guo-Qiang He ◽  
Xin-Wei Cao ◽  
Yi-Xin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Impact Parameter ◽  
Symmetry Energy ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Parameter Dependence ◽  
Central Collisions ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Peripheral Collisions ◽  
The Impact

The impact parameter dependence ofπ-/π+ratio is examined in heavy-ion collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon within a transport model. It is shown that the sensitivity ofπ-/π+ratio on symmetry energy shows a transition from central to peripheral collisions; that is, the stiffer symmetry energy leads to a largerπ-/π+ratio in peripheral collisions while the softer symmetry energy always leads this ratio to be larger in central collisions. After checking the kinematic energy distribution ofπ-/π+ratio, we found this transition of sensitivity ofπ-/π+ratio to symmetry energy is mainly from less energetic pions; that is, the softer symmetry energy gets the less energetic pions to form a smallerπ-/π+ratio in peripheral collisions while these pions generate a largerπ-/π+ratio in central collisions. Undoubtedly, the softer symmetry energy can also lead more energetic pions to form a largerπ-/π+ratio in peripheral collisions. Nevertheless, considering that most of pions are insufficiently energetic at this beam energy, we therefore suggest theπ-/π+ratio as a probe of the high-density symmetry energy effective only in central at most to midcentral collisions, thereby avoiding the possible information of low-density symmetry energy carried inπ-/π+ratio from peripheral collisions.

scholarly journals Impact-parameter dependence of giant resonance excitations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

1999 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Grünschloß ◽  
K. Boretzky ◽  
T. Aumann ◽  
C. A. Bertulani ◽  
J. Cub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Parameter ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Giant Resonance ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Parameter Dependence ◽  
Ion Collisions

Transit Times in Lltra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

1991 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1037-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wolschin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ions ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Mean transit times in heavy-ion collisions are calculated as functions of the relativistic incident energy and the impact parameter. As a consequence of special relativity, they become constant in a central collision of O with Pb at T~0.15TeV. Together with a geometrical estimate of the maximum energy densities in the interaction region, it is argued that heavy ions in a large hadron collider may produce a quark-gluon plasma due to the plateau in the transit times at ultra-relativistic energies

scholarly journals Lights and (some) shadows in the comparison among experimental data of heavy ion collisionat Fermi energies and the dynamical model AMD

2019 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 01050
Author(s):  
Silvia Piantelli ◽  
Alessandro Olmi ◽  
Paolo R. Maurenzig ◽  
Akira Ono ◽  
Maurizio Bini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Impact Parameter ◽  
Fermi Energy ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Dynamical Model ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
The Impact

The simulation of heavy ion collisions in the Fermi energy region is a challenge for the theoretical models; in particular it is difficult to obtain a coherent description in all the impact parameter range and to reproduce all the experimental observables. In this contribution we will show the very good job done by the dynamical model AMD [1] followed by the statistical code GEMINI [2, 3] as an afterburner. The model is able to reproduce the main characteristics of peripheral and semiperipheral collisions, although some discrepancies still persist.

On the determination of the impact parameter from particle multiplicity measurements in heavy-ion collisions

1994 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-711
Author(s):  
A. Del Zoppo ◽  
C. Agodi ◽  
R. Alba ◽  
G. Bellia ◽  
R. Coniglione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Parameter ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Particle Multiplicity ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
The Impact
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