Determination of the Contact Charge Density of4sElectrons in Fe Metal from an Internal-Conversion Experiment

1973 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shinohara ◽  
M. Fujioka
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Internal Conversion ◽  
Contact Charge Density

Synthesis and charge density determination of 4,4-difluoro-3,5-diphenyl-4H-pyrazole and a hydrate derivative

2015 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
LeAnn Walton ◽  
Holly R. Duplain ◽  
Allyson L. Knapp ◽  
Cheryl K. Eidell ◽  
John Bacsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Density Determination

Determination of the symmetry of charge-density-wave modulations in TaTe4 by HREM

1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Corbett ◽  
L.G. Hiltz ◽  
F.W. Boswell ◽  
J.C. Bennett ◽  
A. Prodan
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Charge Density Wave ◽  
Density Wave

Characterizing Diesel Fuel Spray Cone Angle From Back-Scattered Imaging by Fitting Gaussian Profiles to Radial Spray Intensity Distributions

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn E. Johnson ◽  
Jeffrey D. Naber ◽  
Seong-Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Curve Fitting ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Spray Cone Angle ◽  
Spray Cone ◽  
Gaussian Curve

Quantifying fuel spray properties including penetration, cone angle, and vaporization processes sheds light on fuel-air mixing phenomenon, which governs subsequent combustion and emissions formation in diesel engines. Accurate experimental determination of these spray properties is a challenge but imperative to validate computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models for combustion prediction. This study proposes a new threshold independent method for determination of spray cone angle when using Mie back-scattering optical diagnostics to visualize diesel sprays in an optically accessible constant volume vessel. Test conditions include the influence of charge density (17.6 and 34.9 kg/m3) at 1990 bar injection pressure, and the influence of injection pressure (990, 1370, and 1980 bar) at a charge density of 34.8 kg/m3 on diesel fuel spray formation from a multi-hole injector into nitrogen at a temperature of 100 °C. Conventional thresholding to convert an image to black and white for processing and determination of cone angle is threshold subjective. As an alternative, an image processing method was developed, which fits a Gaussian curve to the intensity distribution of the spray at radial spray cross-sections and uses the resulting parameters to define the spray edge and hence cone angle. This Gaussian curve fitting methodology is shown to provide a robust method for cone angle determination, accounting for reductions in intensity at the radial spray edge. Results are presented for non-vaporizing sprays using this Gaussian curve fitting method and compared to the conventional thresholding based method.

Determination of the Transition Charge Density of the Octupole Vibration inPb208

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (20) ◽  
pp. 1618-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Goutte ◽  
J. B. Bellicard ◽  
J. M. Cavedon ◽  
B. Frois ◽  
M. Huet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Octupole Vibration

Problems in layer-charge determination of montmorillonites

Clay Minerals ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lagaly ◽  
M. Fernandez Gonzalez ◽  
Armin Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Charge Density ◽  
Layer Charge ◽  
Charge Density Distribution ◽  
Charge Distributions ◽  
Charge Determination

AbstractSpanish montmorillonites from Frente Archidona were used to demonstrate the determination of charge density, CEC and, in mixtures, the montmorillonite content by the aikylammonium method. Special attention is directed to heterogeneous montmorillonites and the determination of the charge density distribution. Some problems which arise by application of the method are discussed: relations between layer charge and cation densities, particle size corrections, microstructures and unsymmetric charge distributions in the interlayer spaces.

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