Global analysis of phase states in a random-site model

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 7576-7579
Author(s):  
Jun Ni ◽  
Binglin Gu
1993 ◽  
Vol 97 (17) ◽  
pp. 4256-4258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuezhi Jin ◽  
N. H. Linda Wang ◽  
Gilles Tarjus ◽  
Julian Talbot

1994 ◽  
Vol 206 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 454-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binglin Gu ◽  
Jun Ni ◽  
Janwei Wan ◽  
Jialin Zhu

1998 ◽  
Vol 541 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Davies ◽  
M. A. Akbas

AbstractInvestigations of pure and chemically substituted tantalate and niobate members of the Pb(Mg1/3 Nb2/3)O3 (PMN) family of perovskite relaxors demonstrate that the degree of cation ordering and size of the chemically ordered domains can be extensively modified by thermal treatment. These observations and refinements of the cation occupancies in well ordered samples conflict with the predictions of the widely accepted “space charge model”, and instead support a “random site” model for the 1:1 B-site ordering. In this model one of the positions in the ordered structure is occupied by Ta (or Nb) and the other contains a random distribution of Mg and the remaining Ta cations. The stability of the order and magnitude of the domain growth can be enhanced by relatively small concentrations of selected solid solution additives (e.g. Zr in Pb(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 (PMT); Th or Sc in PMN). Correlations between the stability of the 1:1 order and the size of the solid solution additive can be used to understand the different responses of the cation order in PMN and PMT to thermal treatment. Results are also presented for the dielectric response of fully ordered relaxors in the (l–x) Pb(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 – (x) Pb(Sc1/2 Ta1/2)O3 system. While large domain samples of PMT-rich compositions exhibit a relaxor response, a crossover to normal ferroelectric behavior is observed for x = 0.5. The change in the dielectric response can be rationalized in terms of the effect of the chemistry of the random site sub-lattice on the correlation length of the ferroelectric coupling.


2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (PR5) ◽  
pp. Pr5-293-Pr5-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Silberschmidt ◽  
M. Ortmayr ◽  
C. Messner ◽  
E. A. Werner

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Anita Pugliese ◽  
Julie Ray ◽  
Neli Esipova

This paper reports the results from Gallup’s global analysis of the likelihood of first-generation migrants, second-generation migrants and the native-born to send financial help in the form of money or goods to others inside or outside their respective country of residence. The findings in this paper are based on more than 450,000 interviews conducted through Gallup’s World Poll in 157 countries in 2012, 2013 and 2014. The sample includes more than 26,000 first-generation migrants and more than 20,000 second-generation migrants. The large sample enables Gallup to analyze first-generation migrants by the duration of their stay in their adopted country and compare their remittance behaviors with second-generation migrants and the native-born.


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