Thermal properties ofa−Si:Hat low temperatures

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 3744-3746 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Graebner ◽  
B. Golding ◽  
L. C. Allen ◽  
J. C. Knights ◽  
D. K. Biegelsen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Low Temperatures

THE THERMAL PROPERTIES OF AMORPHOUS ARSENIC AT LOW TEMPERATURES

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (C6) ◽  
pp. C6-978-C6-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Jones ◽  
N. Thomas ◽  
W. A. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Low Temperatures

scholarly journals Thermal Properties of Stabilized Zirconia at Low Temperatures

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Collins ◽  
SJ Collocott ◽  
GK White
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficient ◽  
Expansion Coefficient ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Linear Thermal Expansion Coefficient ◽  
Linear Thermal Expansion ◽  
Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
Elastic Data

The linear thermal expansion coefficient a from 2 to 100 K and heat capacity per gram cp from 0�3 to 30 K are reported for fully-stabilized zirconia containing a nominal 16 wt.% (9 mol.%) of yttria. The heat capacity below 7 K has been analysed into a linear (tunnelling?) term, a Schottky term centred at 1�2 K, a Debye term (e~ = 540 K), and a small T5 contribution. The expansion coefficient is roughly proportional to T from 5 to 20 K and gives a limiting lattice Griineisen parameter 'Yo ::::: 5, which agrees with that calculated from elastic data.

Thermodynamic Nonequilibrium Phase Change Behavior and Thermal Properties of Biological Solutions for Cryobiology Applications

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bumsoo Han ◽  
John C. Bischof
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Eutectic Phase ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Saline Solutions

Understanding the phase change behavior of biomaterials during freezing/thawing including their thermal properties at low temperatures is essential to design and improve cryobiology applications such as cryopreservation and cryosurgery. However, knowledge of phase change behavior and thermal properties of various biomaterials is still incomplete, especially at cryogenic temperatures ⩽−40°C. Moreover, in these applications, chemicals are often added to improve their outcome, which can result in significant variation in the phase change behavior and thermal properties from those of the original biomaterials. These chemical additives include cryoprotective agents (CPAs), antifreeze protein (AFP), or cryosurgical adjuvants like sodium chloride (NaCl). In the present study, phase change behavior and thermal properties of saline solutions–either water-NaCl or phosphate buffered saline (PBS)–with various chemical additives were investigated. The chemical additives studied are glycerol and raffinose as CPAs, an AFP (Type III, molecular weight=6500), and NaCl as a cryosurgical adjuvant. The phase change behavior was investigated using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a cryomicroscope. The specific and latent heat of these solutions were also measured with the DSC. The saline solutions have two distinct phase changes–water/ice and eutectic phase changes. During freezing, eutectic solidification of both water-NaCl and PBS are significantly supercooled below their thermodynamic equilibrium eutectic temperatures. However, their melting temperatures are close to thermodynamic equilibrium during thawing. These eutectic phase changes disappear when even a small amount (0.1 M glycerol) of CPA was added, but they are still observed after the addition of an AFP. The specific heats of these solutions are close to that of ice at very low temperatures ⩽−100°C regardless of the additives, but they increase between −100°C and −30°C with the addition of CPAs. The amount of latent heat, which is evaluated with sample weight, generally decreases with the addition of the additives, but can be normalized to approximately 300 J/g based on the weight of water which participates in the phase change. This illustrates that thermal properties, especially latent heat, of a biomaterial should be evaluated based on the understanding of its phase change behavior. The results of the present study are discussed in the context of the implications for cryobiology applications.

scholarly journals XII. Thermal properties of carbonic acid low temperatures

1915 ◽  
Vol 215 (523-537) ◽  
pp. 353-381 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Total Heat ◽  
Thermodynamic Equations

In a former paper (1) the authors described a series of measurements on the thermal properties of Co 2 and the construction of a θ ø chart embodying those results. It was pointed out that the superheated area of the chart was incomplete, the constant pressure lines being only approximately accurate and the total heat (I) lines omitted. It was also pointed out that throttling experiments on the superheated gas would form a valuable check on the accuracy of the chart, and the construction of an Iø chart was postponed till more accurate measurements should have been made on the superheated gas and the whole had been checked by throttling experiments. The present paper describes the additional experiments required to complete and check the θ ø chart, including a re-measurement of the total heat of the liquid for which some extrapolated values had been used before, and finally the construction of the Iø chart. This chart has been constructed graphically, as the θø chart was, directly from the observed data and its accuracy checked in various ways by thermodynamic equations. These equations apply quite generally to all Iø charts and are independent of tire particular properties of carbonic acid.

Thermal properties of aBi2O3:Y2O3oxygen conductor at low temperatures

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 2125-2129 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Lawless ◽  
S. L. Swartz
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Low Temperatures

III. On some of the properties of water and of steam

1892 ◽  
Vol 50 (302-307) ◽  
pp. 254-254
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Low Temperatures

This investigation forms one of a series, former members of which refer to the thermal properties of ethyl oxide and various alcohols. Owing to the high temperature of the critical point of water, the work was confined to comparatively low temperatures.

The magnetic and thermal properties of some Cr-B phases at low temperatures

1979 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Leyarovska ◽  
E. Leyarovski ◽  
Chr. Popov ◽  
T. Midlarz
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Low Temperatures

scholarly journals Strength, Deformability and Thermal Properties of Artificial Rocks under High and Low Temperatures.

2000 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Yoshinori INADA ◽  
Naoki KINOSHITA ◽  
Jiro TAKAHASHI ◽  
Kazumasa NAKATO ◽  
Akira TOKAJI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
High And Low Temperatures

scholarly journals Thermal Properties of Rocks at Low Temperatures

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (327) ◽  
pp. 1228-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori INADA ◽  
Norio YAGI
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Low Temperatures
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