Effect of solitons on the thermodynamic properties of a system with long-range interactions

The Mn4CaO5 cluster site in the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II (PSII) undergoes structural perturbations, such as those induced by Ca2+/Sr2+ exchanges or Ca/Mn removal. These changes have been known to induce long-range positive shifts (between +30 and +150 mV) in the redox potential of the primary quinone electron acceptor plastoquinone A (QA), which is located 40 Å from the OEC. To further investigate these effects, we reanalyzed the crystal structure of Sr-PSII resolved at 2.1 Å and compared it with the native Ca-PSII resolved at 1.9 Å. Here, we focus on the acceptor site and report the possible long-range interactions between the donor, Mn4Ca(Sr)O5 cluster, and acceptor sites.

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Quantum Criticality of Two-Dimensional Quantum Magnets with Long-Range Interactions

Physical Review Letters ◽

10.1103/physrevlett.122.017203 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 122 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Sebastian Fey ◽

Sebastian C. Kapfer ◽

Kai Phillip Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Long Range ◽

Quantum Criticality ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Quantum Magnets ◽

Long Range Interactions

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Detecting long-range interactions between migrating cells

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94458-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

C. Metzner ◽

F. Hörsch ◽

C. Mark ◽

T. Czerwinski ◽

A. Winterl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nk Cells ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Long Range ◽

Cooperative Behavior ◽

Simulated Data ◽

Movement Direction ◽

Repulsive Interaction ◽

Collagen Gels ◽

Long Range Interactions ◽

A Cell

AbstractChemotaxis enables cells to systematically approach distant targets that emit a diffusible guiding substance. However, the visual observation of an encounter between a cell and a target does not necessarily indicate the presence of a chemotactic approach mechanism, as even a blindly migrating cell can come across a target by chance. To distinguish between the chemotactic approach and blind migration, we present an objective method that is based on the analysis of time-lapse recorded cell migration trajectories: For each movement step of a cell relative to the position of a potential target, we compute a p value that quantifies the likelihood of the movement direction under the null-hypothesis of blind migration. The resulting distribution of p values, pooled over all recorded cell trajectories, is then compared to an ensemble of reference distributions in which the positions of targets are randomized. First, we validate our method with simulated data, demonstrating that it reliably detects the presence or absence of remote cell-cell interactions. In a second step, we apply the method to data from three-dimensional collagen gels, interspersed with highly migratory natural killer (NK) cells that were derived from two different human donors. We find for one of the donors an attractive interaction between the NK cells, pointing to a cooperative behavior of these immune cells. When adding nearly stationary K562 tumor cells to the system, we find a repulsive interaction between K562 and NK cells for one of the donors. By contrast, we find attractive interactions between NK cells and an IL-15-secreting variant of K562 tumor cells. We therefore speculate that NK cells find wild-type tumor cells only by chance, but are programmed to leave a target quickly after a close encounter. We provide a freely available Python implementation of our p value method that can serve as a general tool for detecting long-range interactions in collective systems of self-driven agents.

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A novel class of translationally invariant spin chains with long-range interactions

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep08(2020)099 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (8) ◽

Author(s):

B. Basu-Mallick ◽

F. Finkel ◽

A. González-López

Keyword(s):

Long Range ◽

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

Spin Chains ◽

Open Chain ◽

New Class ◽

Spin Interactions ◽

Long Range Interactions ◽

Spin Reversal ◽

Twisted Yangian ◽

Internal Degrees Of Freedom

Abstract We introduce a new class of open, translationally invariant spin chains with long-range interactions depending on both spin permutation and (polarized) spin reversal operators, which includes the Haldane-Shastry chain as a particular degenerate case. The new class is characterized by the fact that the Hamiltonian is invariant under “twisted” translations, combining an ordinary translation with a spin flip at one end of the chain. It includes a remarkable model with elliptic spin-spin interactions, smoothly interpolating between the XXX Heisenberg model with anti-periodic boundary conditions and a new open chain with sites uniformly spaced on a half-circle and interactions inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the spins. We are able to compute in closed form the partition function of the latter chain, thereby obtaining a complete description of its spectrum in terms of a pair of independent su(1|1) and su(m/2) motifs when the number m of internal degrees of freedom is even. This implies that the even m model is invariant under the direct sum of the Yangians Y (gl(1|1)) and Y (gl(0|m/2)). We also analyze several statistical properties of the new chain’s spectrum. In particular, we show that it is highly degenerate, which strongly suggests the existence of an underlying (twisted) Yangian symmetry also for odd m.

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