scholarly journals Critical viscosity of a fluctuating superconductor

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunxiang Liao ◽  
Victor Galitski
Keyword(s):  
Critical Viscosity

scholarly journals Investigation of Bath/Freeze Lining Interface Temperature Based on the Rheology of the Slag

JOM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samant Nagraj ◽  
Mathias Chintinne ◽  
Muxing Guo ◽  
Bart Blanpain
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Interface Temperature ◽  
Freeze Lining ◽  
High Thermal Resistance ◽  
Critical Viscosity ◽  
Physical And Chemical

AbstractFreeze lining is a solidified layer of slag formed on the inner side of a water-cooled pyrometallurgical reactor, which protects the reactor walls from thermal, physical, and chemical attacks. Because of the freeze lining's high thermal resistance, the reactor heat losses strongly depend on the freeze lining thickness. In a batch process such as slag fuming, the conditions change with time, affecting the freeze lining thickness. Determining the freeze lining thickness is challenging as it cannot be measured directly. In this study, a conceptual framework based on the morphology and microstructure of freeze lining and the rheology of the slag is discussed and experimentally evaluated to determine the freeze lining thickness. It was found that the bath/freeze lining interface lies just below critical viscosity temperature. The growth of the freeze lining is primarily controlled by the mechanical and thermal degradation of the crystals forming at the interface. The bath/freeze lining interface temperature for the measured slag lies in the range of 1035–1070°C.

scholarly journals Viscosity and Structure of a CaO-SiO2-FeO-MgO System during a Modified Process from Nickel Slag by CaO

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Shen ◽  
Junkai Chong ◽  
Ziniu Huang ◽  
Jianke Tian ◽  
Wenjuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Slag System ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Primary Phase ◽  
Basic Oxide ◽  
High Iron Content ◽  
Critical Viscosity

There is a high iron content in nickel slag that mainly exists in the fayalite phase. Basic oxide can destroy the stable structure of fayalite which is beneficial to the treatment and comprehensive utilization of nickel slag. The research was based on the composition of the raw nickel slag, taking the CaO-SiO2-FeO-MgO system as the object and CaO as a modifier. The effect of basicity on the melting characteristics, viscosity and structure of the CaO-SiO2-FeO-MgO system was studied. The relationship between the viscosity and structure of the CaO-SiO2-FeO-MgO system was also explored. The results show as follows: (1) When the basicity is lower than 0.90, the primary phase of the slag system is olivine phase. When the basicity is greater than 0.90, the primary phase of the slag system transforms into monoxide. When the basicity is 0.90, olivine and monoxide precipitate together as the temperature continues to decrease. At the same time, the liquidus temperature, softening temperature, hemispherical temperature, and flow temperature all reach the lowest value. (2) With the increase of basicity, the critical viscosity temperature of the CaO-SiO2-FeO-MgO system decreases first and then increases. Critical viscosity temperature is the lowest at the basicity of 0.90, which is 1295 °C. (3) When the slag system is heterogeneous, the viscosity of the molten slag increases rapidly because of the quantity of solid phase precipitated from the CaO-SiO2-FeO-MgO system. (4) When the slag system is in a homogeneous liquid phase, the molar fraction of O0 decreases with the increase of basicity and the mole fraction of O−, and O2− increases continuously at the basicity of 0.38~1.50. The silicate network structure is gradually depolymerized into simple monomers, resulting in the degree of polymerization, and the viscosity, being reduced. The mole fraction of different kinds of oxygen atoms is converged to a constant value when the basicity is above 1.20.

Critical Viscosity and Ising-to-Mean-Field Crossover Near the Upper Consolute Point of an Ionic Solution

1996 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kleemeier ◽  
S. Wiegand ◽  
T. Derr ◽  
V. Weiss ◽  
W. Schröer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mean Field ◽  
Ionic Solution ◽  
Consolute Point ◽  
Critical Viscosity

Study on Heating Zone and Producing Zone of Cyclic Steam Stimulation with Horizontal Well in Heavy Oil Reservoir

2012 ◽  
Vol 594-597 ◽  
pp. 2438-2441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Jun Huang ◽  
Ping Hu ◽  
Qiu Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Horizontal Well ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Oil Reservoir ◽  
Heating Zone ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Cyclic Steam Stimulation ◽  
Heavy Oil Reservoir ◽  
Critical Viscosity ◽  
Steam Stimulation

In this paper, employing reservoir simulation and mathematical analysis methods, considering typical heavy oil reservoir and fluid thermal properties, the heating and producing shape of thermal recovery with horizontal well for different heavy oil reservoirs including ordinary, extra and super heavy oil are investigated based on the modification of thermal recovery parameters of different viscosity. By introducing heating radius and producing radius and considering the coupling effect of temperature, pressure and oil saturation fields, a quantitative expression between heating radius/producing radius and oil viscosity, formation thickness is presented, so is the impact of oil viscosity on the heating radius. Results shows that for Cyclic Steam Stimulation, the producing radius of horizontal well is bigger than its heating radius for light oil, both of which, however, shrink with higher viscosity. Beyond a critical viscosity, where the heating radius equals to the producing radius, the heating radius of horizontal well would be bigger than its producing radius. More over, the critical viscosity shows tight relationship to the formation thickness.

Frequency-dependent critical viscosity of a classical fluid

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1544-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanta K. Bhattacharjee ◽  
Richard A. Ferrell
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Classical Fluid ◽  
Critical Viscosity

On the limitation imposed by gravity on measurements of the critical viscosity of a pure fluid

1994 ◽  
Vol 506 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
Richard A. Ferrell ◽  
Michael R. Moldover
Keyword(s):  
Pure Fluid ◽  
Critical Viscosity
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