Effects of arbitrary relaxation and strong-field dressing of energy levels on nonlinear optical susceptibilities

1986 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 1817-1827 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sanjay Kumar ◽  
G. S. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
Energy Levels

Ligand Field-Spin Orbit Energy Levels in the d4 and d6 Electron Configurations of Octahedral and Tetrahedral Symmetry

1974 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. König ◽  
S. Kremer
Keyword(s):  
Strong Field ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Coulomb Repulsion ◽  
Orbit Interaction ◽  
Complete Agreement ◽  
Ligand Field ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Tetrahedral Symmetry ◽  
Spin Orbit Interaction ◽  
Orbit Perturbation

The complete ligand field -Coulomb repulsion -spin orbit interaction matrices have been derived for the d4 and d6 electron configurations within octahedral (Oh) and tetrahedral (Td) symmetry. The calculations were perform ed in both the weak-field and strong-field coupling schemes and complete agreement of the results was achieved. The energy matrices are parametrically dependent on ligand field (Dq), Coulomb repulsion (B, C) and spin-orbit interaction (ζ). Correct energy diagrams are presentend which display the splittings by spin-orbit perturbation as well as the effect of configuration mixing. Applications to the interpretation of optical spectral data, to the detailed behavior at the crossover of ground terms, and to complete studies in magnetism are pointed out.

scholarly journals Opacities in Strong Magnetic Helds

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 588-590
Author(s):  
Dayal T. Wickramasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Entire Range ◽  
White Dwarfs ◽  
Specific Problem ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Dipolar Field ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
End Products ◽  
Hydrogen Lines

White dwarfs are one of the most readily studied end products of stellarevolution. Their observed properties have provided and continue to provide important constraints for the theory of stellar evolution. Likewise, a study of magnetism in white dwarfs provides unique insights into the origin and evolution of magnetic fields in stars.Spectacular progress has been made on the specific problem of the structure of the hydrogen atom in strong fields. Energy levels and transition probabilities are now known for all low lying states of hydrogen for the entire range of field strengths appropriate to white dwarfs and neutron stars (104-1013G) (Rosner et al 1984, Forster et al 1984 and Henry and O’Connell 1984). These calculations resulted in the identification of spectral features in the magnetic white dwarf Grw+70°8247 which had remained unidentified for over 50 years (Minkowski 1938), with Zeeman shifted hydrogen lines in a magnetic field of 100 -320 MG ((eg Wickamasinghe and Ferrano 1989). Several other strong field magnetic white dwarfs have since been discovered through hydrogen Zeeman spectroscopy. The data presently at hand show that most hydrogen rich magnetic white dwarfs have complex non-dipolar field structures with strong evidence for higher order multipole components.

scholarly journals Ligand-Field Spin-Orbit Energy Levels in the d5 Electron Configuration of Octahedral and Tetrahedral Symmetry

1974 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. König ◽  
R. Schnakig ◽  
S. Kremer
Keyword(s):  
Strong Field ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Orbit Interaction ◽  
Complete Agreement ◽  
Ligand Field ◽  
Electron Configuration ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Tetrahedral Symmetry ◽  
Spin Orbit Interaction ◽  
Orbit Perturbation

The complete ligand-field, Coulomb interelectronic repulsion, and spin-orbit interaction matrices have been derived for the d5 electron configuration within octahedral (Oh) and tetrahedral (Td) symmetry. The calculations were performed in both the weak-field and strong-field coupling schemes and complete agreement of the results was achieved. The energy matrices are parametrically dependent on ligand field (Dq), Coulomb repulsion (B, C), and spin-orbit interaction (ζ). Correct energy diagrams are presented which display the splittings by spin-orbit perturbation as well as the effect of configuration mixing. Applications to the interpretation of electronic spectra, and to complete studies in magnetism are pointed out. The detailed behavior at the crossover of ground terms is considered

Applications of Nonlinear Optical Thin Films

1994 ◽  
Vol 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. J. Brueck ◽  
R. A. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Strong Nonlinearity ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Inorganic Films ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Ion Species ◽  
Oxygen Bond

AbstractMany approaches to fabrication of nonlinear optical and electro-optical thin-film materials are currently under investigation including: epitaxial inorganic films; polycrystalline inorganic materials; organic nonlinear moieties poled in polymer hosts; and poled amorphous inorganic materials. For each of these approaches there are a variety of characteristics and constraints that impact the ultimate uses. These are discussed in the context of signal processing and transmission applications such as optical interconnects and integrated optics. Almost universally, integration with the Si materials and processing that dominates current computer technology, or with the III-V materials that dominate optoelectronics technology, are major factors in the attractiveness of a technology direction. A relatively recent development is the observation of a strong nonlinearity in fused silica, χ(2) ∼ 1 pm/V, poled by modest temperature and electric-field stress. Temperature-dependent dynamic and spectroscopic measurements suggest that mobile-ion species such as Na+, as well as non-bridging oxygen bond re-orientation under a strong field, play a role in the nonlinearity.

Application of radiative renormalization to strong-field resonant nonlinear optical interactions

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 5165-5179 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Blum ◽  
P. Harshman ◽  
T. K. Gustafson ◽  
P. L. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Strong Field

First theoretical probe for alkynyl bridged thiophene modified coumarin nonlinear optical materials with D-π-A and A-π-D-π-A structures

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanggeng Li ◽  
Fanghua Zhu ◽  
Yawen Zhou ◽  
Jiaming Hu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Molecular Design ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Hybrid Functional ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Text Structures ◽  
Polar Moment ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

First-principles exploration is very important to molecular design. In this study, geometric structure, intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), energy levels, polar moment, and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy of eight novel and different alkynyl bridged thiophene modified coumarin nonlinear optical molecules with [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] structures had been studied by density-functional theory (DFT) calculations within B3LYP hybrid functional using 6-31 [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] Gaussian type molecular-orbital basis set. This has guiding significance for the design of nonlinear optical molecules and the development of coumarin-based photoelectric molecules.

Strong field, in‐plane poling for nonlinear optical devices in highly nonlinear side chain polymers

1994 ◽  
Vol 65 (19) ◽  
pp. 2389-2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Otomo ◽  
George I. Stegeman ◽  
Winfried H. G. Horsthuis ◽  
Gustaaf R. Möhlmann
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Devices ◽  
Highly Nonlinear

Crystal field spectra of d3,7 ions. VI. The weak field formalism and covalency

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 861 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ferguson ◽  
DL Wood
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Field ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Weak Field ◽  
Field Energy ◽  
Electrostatic Repulsion ◽  
Crystal Field Theory ◽  
Free Ion ◽  
Field Formalism

When the problem of an ion in a crystal field is solved using the unperturbed atomic wave functions as basis functions, the free ion energies appear explicitly in the diagonal terms of the secular determinant where they can be adjusted as experimental parameters. By fitting the observed crystal field energy levels in this scheme, a set of modified free ion energy levels can be derived for Dq = 0, and it is found that in most cases a single set of electrostatic repulsion parameters F2 and F4 describes the energies, provided a Trees correction is applied. The values of F2 and F4 obtained in this way from crystal spectra of Cr3+ in ruby, yttrium gallium garnet, other oxides, and K3Cr(CN)6 and of Co2+ in ZnAl2O4 are reduced by covalency from their free ion values. The reduction for P2 is greater than for F4 because of its greater sensitivity to the outer part of the radial distribution function, where covalency plays its major part. It is concluded that the differential expansion of the t2 and e orbitals in the crystal field is not great, and that nephelauxetic effects in crystal field spectra should more properly be related to the F2 and F4 parameters of Condon and Shortley through the weak field formalism, rather than to Racah's B parameter in the strong field approach. The latter results in unsound conclusions about the effects of covalency. Analysis of the spectra of CrBrs and C0C14" suggests that the d electrons are not adequately described by two electrostatic repulsion parameters and the usual crystal field theory should be applied cautiously.

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