Scintillation Counter Study of Gamma Rays from Proton Capture in Sodium

1954 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 1311-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Carlson ◽  
E. H. Geer ◽  
E. B. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Scintillation Counter ◽  
Proton Capture

Proton Capture Gamma Rays in the Giant Resonance Region

1959 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Gove ◽  
A. E. Litherland ◽  
R. Batchelor
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Giant Resonance ◽  
Resonance Region ◽  
Proton Capture

scholarly journals Measurements of the Energy of Beta- and Gamma-rays with a Scintillation Counter

Nature ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 165 (4193) ◽  
pp. 396-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
SVEN A. E. JOHANSSON
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Scintillation Counter

GAMMA RADIATION FROM THE PROTON BOMBARDMENT OF BORON TEN

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Chadwick ◽  
T. K. Alexander ◽  
J. B. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Scintillation Counter ◽  
Proton Bombardment ◽  
Broad Resonance ◽  
Energy Formula ◽  
Cascade Transitions

The gamma rays resulting from the bombardment of B10 with protons of energies from 0.5 to 2.0 Mev. have been observed with a sodium iodide scintillation counter. Capture radiation, of energy[Formula: see text]showed a broad resonance at Ep = 1135 ± 15 kev. At this energy, the radiation had an angular distribution of the form 1 + (0.50 ± 0.05)cos2θ and a total cross section (3.5 ± 1.0)10−30 cm.2 Several lower energy radiations were also observed and assigned tentatively to cascade transitions in C11.The cross section for the 430 kev. radiation from the reaction B10(p, αγ)Be7 was found to be 0.21 ± 0.05 barn at Ep = 1.52 Mev. This radiation was found to be isotropic.

Gamma rays in the MeV region at balloon altitude

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S494-S497 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Okudaira ◽  
Y. Hirasima
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Counting Rate ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Plastic Scintillator ◽  
Scintillation Counter ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Extraterrestrial Origin ◽  
The Difference

Gamma rays in the MeV region were observed from balloons at λ = 26 °N on September 29, 1966. A scintillation counter constructed with two NaI ⅓ in. × 2 in. [Formula: see text] crystals separated by 1 cm × 2 in. [Formula: see text] lead was used to measure the directional distribution of the gamma-ray flux. This counter was flown at an atmospheric depth of 14.2 g cm−2. As the response of each crystal of this counter depends on the direction of incidence of the gamma rays, an anisotropic distribution of gamma rays gives rise to a difference between the counting rates of two crystals. It was ascertained from the observation that albedo gamma rays from the lower atmosphere are predominant at this high altitude. The deviation from the calculated values of the difference in counting rate assuming only atmospheric gamma rays may be due to an extraterrestrial origin of part of the gamma-ray flux. For the measurement of the gamma-ray spectrum, a phoswich counter (1 in. × 1 in. [Formula: see text] NaI crystal surrounded by ¼-in.-thick plastic scintillator) was flown to 10 g cm−2. Though the main part of the gamma-ray flux is probably due to atmospheric gamma rays, an upper limit for the isotropic cosmic gamma-ray flux is deduced to be (1.25 ± 0.05) × 10−2 counts cm−2 s−1 sr−1 MeV−1 in the energy range 1.2–3.1 MeV.

Proton?Capture Gamma Rays from Nitrogen?13

1962 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
AW Parker ◽  
GG Shute
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Excited State ◽  
Elastic Scattering ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Recent Experiment ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Angular Distributions ◽  
Proton Capture ◽  
Yield Curves

From a recent experiment in this laboratory (Shute et al. 1962) on the elastic scattering of protons from 12C, resonance levels (E13N, J1t) of 13N were obtained at the laboratory bombarding energies (Ep) shown in Table 1. To confirm these results, an investigation of the yield and angular distribution of gamma rays from the reaction 12C(p'YO)13N and 12C(p'Yl)13N was undertaken. Accordingly, the theoretical angular distributions, W(8), for the gamma ray (Yo) to the ground state of 13Na-) and also for the gamma ray (Yl) to the 1st excited state of 13Na+) were evaluated on the assumptions that overlap of levels in 13N is small and lowest order multipoles are involved. As angular distributions are parity insensitive, these were found to be identical for the two gamma rays expected. The simpler of these angular distributions are also shown on the table. The expected angular distributions indicate that 90� is a suitable angle for yield curves.

Yield of High-Energy Gamma Rays from Proton Capture inBe9

1955 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Lönsjö ◽  
O. Os ◽  
R. Tangen
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Proton Capture ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Energy Gamma
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