Theoretical Description of Energy Levels ofFe59

1969 ◽  
Vol 179 (4) ◽  
pp. 1100-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Sood
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Theoretical Description

Exchange interactions in antiferromagnetic salts of iridium III. Theory of the interaction

1959 ◽  
Vol 250 (1260) ◽  
pp. 110-120 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Group Theory ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Exchange Interactions ◽  
Theoretical Description ◽  
Chlorine Ions

A theoretical description is given of the interaction between two iridium ions, each surrounded by an octahedron of chlorine ions, in a semi-dilute crystal. Group theory is used to classify the states and to examine the various contributions to the Hamiltonian. The lowest energy level of the two iridium-chlorine complexes is a quadruplet, which breaks up under the inter­action into a singlet and a triplet. The singlet-triplet separation and also the splitting of the triplet are related to various exchange integrals, and it is shown that the arrangement of the energy levels is a consequence of the directional nature of p -orbitals on the chlorine sites.

scholarly journals Fluctuating Number of Energy Levels in Mixed-Type Lemon Billiards

Physics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 888-902
Author(s):  
Črt Lozej ◽  
Dragan Lukman ◽  
Marko Robnik
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Theoretical Prediction ◽  
Gaussian Distribution ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Theoretical Description ◽  
Golden Mean ◽  
Relative Fraction ◽  
Unit Radius

In this paper, the fluctuation properties of the number of energy levels (mode fluctuation) are studied in the mixed-type lemon billiards at high lying energies. The boundary of the lemon billiards is defined by the intersection of two circles of equal unit radius with the distance 2B between the centers, as introduced by Heller and Tomsovic. In this paper, the case of two billiards, defined by B=0.1953,0.083, is studied. It is shown that the fluctuation of the number of energy levels follows the Gaussian distribution quite accurately, even though the relative fraction of the chaotic part of the phase space is only 0.28 and 0.16, respectively. The theoretical description of spectral fluctuations in the Berry–Robnik picture is discussed. Also, the (golden mean) integrable rectangular billiard is studied and an almost Gaussian distribution is obtained, in contrast to theory expectations. However, the variance as a function of energy, E, behaves as E, in agreement with the theoretical prediction by Steiner.

A Perturbation Theory for the Population of Atomic Energy Levels in Non-Lte Plasmas

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 343-347
Author(s):  
M. Klapisch
Keyword(s):  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Small Parameter ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Sum Rules ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Natural Classification ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Formal Expansion ◽  
Atomic Energy Levels ◽  
As Effects

AbstractA formal expansion of the CRM in powers of a small parameter is presented. The terms of the expansion are products of matrices. Inverses are interpreted as effects of cascades.It will be shown that this allows for the separation of the different contributions to the populations, thus providing a natural classification scheme for processes involving atoms in plasmas. Sum rules can be formulated, allowing the population of the levels, in some simple cases, to be related in a transparent way to the quantum numbers.

Low-lying energy levels of the FeH molecule

1999 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL F. HULLAH, RICHARD F. BARROW, JOHN
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels

Do Atomic Spectra Determine Energy Levels?

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 949-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Billionnet
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Atomic Spectra

Energy levels of neutral platinum (Pt I)

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 947-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Blaise ◽  
J. Vergès ◽  
J.-F. Wyart ◽  
R. Engleman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels

Energy Levels and Electromagnetic Transition of 90-94mo Nuclei Using Ibm-1

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-152
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Dynamical Symmetry ◽  
Interacting Boson Model ◽  
Excitation Energies ◽  
Electromagnetic Transition ◽  
Boson Model ◽  
Energy States ◽  
Good Agreement

The energy states for the J , b , ɤ bands and electromagnetic transitions B (E2) values for even – even molybdenum 90 – 94 Mo nuclei are calculated in the present work of "the interacting boson model (IBM-1)" . The parameters of the equation of IBM-1 Hamiltonian are determined which yield the best excellent suit the experimental energy states . The positive parity of energy states are obtained by using IBS1. for program for even 90 – 94 Mo isotopes with bosons number 5 , 4 and 5 respectively. The" reduced transition probability B(E2)" of these neuclei are calculated and compared with the experimental data . The ratio of the excitation energies of the 41+ to 21+ states ( R4/2) are also calculated . The calculated and experimental (R4/2) values showed that the 90 – 94 Mo nuclei have the vibrational dynamical symmetry U(5). Good agreement was found from comparison between the calculated energy states and electric quadruple probabilities B(E2) transition of the 90–94Mo isotopes with the experimental data .

Chemical, anatomical, and technology aspects of Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus dunii for use in an integrated pulp and paper mill

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
GISELY SAMISTRARO ◽  
PETER W. HART ◽  
JORGE LUIZ COLODETTE ◽  
RICARDO PAIM
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Physical Strength

Eucalyptus dunii has been commercially used in southern Brazil because of its relatively good frost tolerance and adequate productivity in the winter months. More recently, interest has grown in cultivating Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden & Cambage, which presents even superior frost tolerance compared to E. dunii and is highly productive as well. The quality of E. benthamii for pulp production is not yet proven. Thus, the chemical, anatomical, and technological aspects of pulp made from E. benthamii were compared with those of E. dunii for unbleached paper production. Samples of E. benthamii chips were obtained and analyzed for their basic density, chemical composition, higher heating value, trace elemental analysis, and chip size distribution. The chips were kraft cooked using conditions that produced a 74 ± 6 kappa number. The pulps were characterized for kappa number, yield, viscosity, and morphologic characteristics (e.g., length, wall thickness, and coarseness). Black liquor was analyzed for total solids, organics, inorganics, sodium sulfide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate. Brownstocks were beaten at five different energy levels in a Valley beater, and the physical strength properties of 120 g/m² handsheets were measured to develop a beater curve. The results of this study showed differences in delignification between the two woods and lower pulp yield for E. benthamii , which are related to their chemical compositions and basic densities. The E. benthamii studied in this work exhibited higher amounts of lignin and extractives, lower carbohydrate content, and lower basic density. However, cooking a blend of the two woods afforded good results in pulping and in physical pulp properties.

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