Scalar- and Tensor-Tadpole Contribution toK0−K+Mass Difference

1968 ◽  
Vol 172 (5) ◽  
pp. 1528-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharashchandra H. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Mass Difference

Water, Water, Here and There

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Vigdor
Keyword(s):  
Quark Mass ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
Electroweak Phase Transition ◽  
Hydrogen Burning ◽  
Quark Masses ◽  
Grand Unified Theories ◽  
Down Quark ◽  
Unified Theories ◽  
The Stability

Chapter 4 deals with the stability of the proton, hence of hydrogen, and how to reconcile that stability with the baryon number nonconservation (or baryon conservation) needed to establish a matter–antimatter imbalance in the infant universe. Sakharov’s three conditions for establishing a matter–antimatter imbalance are presented. Grand unified theories and experimental searches for proton decay are described. The concept of spontaneous symmetry breaking is introduced in describing the electroweak phase transition in the infant universe. That transition is treated as the potential site for introducing the imbalance between quarks and antiquarks, via either baryogenesis or leptogenesis models. The up–down quark mass difference is presented as essential for providing the stability of hydrogen and of the deuteron, which serves as a crucial stepping stone in stellar hydrogen-burning reactions that generate the energy and elements needed for life. Constraints on quark masses from lattice QCD calculations and violations of chiral symmetry are discussed.

scholarly journals Direct measurement of the mass difference of As72−Ge72 rules out As72 as a promising β -decay candidate to determine the neutrino mass

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Ge ◽  
T. Eronen ◽  
A. de Roubin ◽  
D. A. Nesterenko ◽  
M. Hukkanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Neutrino Mass ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Β Decay

scholarly journals Exothermic dark matter for XENON1T excess

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Effective Theory ◽  
Recoil Energy ◽  
Detector Resolution ◽  
Atomic Excitation ◽  
Microscopic Models ◽  
Electron Recoil ◽  
Two Component

Abstract Motivated by the recent excess in the electron recoil from XENON1T experiment, we consider the possibility of exothermic dark matter, which is composed of two states with mass splitting. The heavier state down-scatters off the electron into the lighter state, making an appropriate recoil energy required for the Xenon excess even for the standard Maxwellian velocity distribution of dark matter. Accordingly, we determine the mass difference between two component states of dark matter to the peak electron recoil energy at about 2.5 keV up to the detector resolution, accounting for the recoil events over ER = 2 − 3 keV, which are most significant. We include the effects of the phase-space enhancement and the atomic excitation factor to calculate the required scattering cross section for the Xenon excess. We discuss the implications of dark matter interactions in the effective theory for exothermic dark matter and a massive Z′ mediator and provide microscopic models realizing the required dark matter and electron couplings to Z′.

scholarly journals Neutron-Proton Mass Difference in Nuclear Matter and in Finite Nuclei and the Nolen-Schiffer Anomaly

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 06008 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.-G. Meißner ◽  
A.M. Rakhimov ◽  
A. Wirzba ◽  
U.T. Yakhshiev
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Matter ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Proton Mass ◽  
Finite Nuclei

Atomic mass difference betweenCe135andLa135

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1713-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Saito ◽  
T. Toriyama ◽  
M. Kanbe ◽  
K. Hisatake
Keyword(s):  
Mass Difference ◽  
Atomic Mass

scholarly journals SUSY and the mass difference of B0d – B̄0d

1997 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-244
Author(s):  
G. Couture ◽  
H. König
Keyword(s):  
Mass Difference

scholarly journals Another SMEFT story: Z′ facing new results on ε′/ε, ∆MK and K → $$ \pi \nu \overline{\nu} $$

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Aebischer ◽  
Andrzej J. Buras ◽  
Jacky Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Renormalization Group ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Branching Ratios ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Isospin Breaking ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
First Time ◽  
Group Effects

Abstract Recently the RBC-UKQCD lattice QCD collaboration presented new results for the hadronic matrix elements relevant for the ratio ε′/ε in the Standard Model (SM) albeit with significant uncertainties. With the present knowledge of the Wilson coefficients and isospin breaking effects there is still a sizable room left for new physics (NP) contributions to ε′/ε which could both enhance or suppress this ratio to agree with the data. The new SM value for the K0 − $$ {\overline{K}}^0 $$ K ¯ 0 mass difference ∆MK from RBC-UKQCD is on the other hand by 2σ above the data hinting for NP required to suppress ∆MK. Simultaneously the most recent results for K+ → $$ {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ π + ν ν ¯ from NA62 and for KL → $$ {\pi}^0\nu \overline{\nu} $$ π 0 ν ν ¯ from KOTO still allow for significant NP contributions. We point out that the suppression of ∆MK by NP requires the presence of new CP-violating phases with interesting implications for K → $$ \pi \nu \overline{\nu} $$ πν ν ¯ , KS → μ+μ− and KL → π0ℓ+ℓ− decays. Considering a Z′-scenario within the SMEFT we analyze the dependence of all these observables on the size of NP still allowed by the data on ε′/ε. The hinted ∆MK anomaly together with the εK constraint implies in the presence of only left-handed (LH) or right-handed (RH) flavour-violating Z′ couplings strict correlation between K+ → $$ {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ π + ν ν ¯ and KL → $$ {\pi}^0\nu \overline{\nu} $$ π 0 ν ν ¯ branching ratios so that they are either simultaneously enhanced or suppressed relative to SM predictions. An anticorrelation can only be obtained in the presence of both LH and RH couplings. Interestingly, the NP QCD penguin scenario for ε′/ε is excluded by SMEFT renormalization group effects in εK so that NP effects in ε′/ε are governed by electroweak penguins. We also investigate for the first time whether the presence of a heavy Z′ with flavour violating couplings could generate through top Yukawa renormalization group effects FCNCs mediated by the SM Z-boson. The outcome turns out to be very interesting.

SUBSTRUCTURE EFFECT ON ρ-ω MIXING IN CHARGE-SYMMETRY VIOLATION

1992 ◽  
Vol 07 (32) ◽  
pp. 3037-3043 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. GOLDMAN ◽  
J.A. HENDERSON ◽  
A.W. THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Quark Model ◽  
Quark Mass ◽  
Mass Shell ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Charge Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Symmetry Violation ◽  
Charge Symmetry ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Simple Quark Model

In generating a charge-symmetry breaking potential using ρ-ω mixing it is usually assumed that the mixing amplitude is constant (at the on-mass-shell value). Since the exchanged meson is actually far off-shell one must question the validity of this assumption. By constructing a simple quark model in which the mixing is generated by the u-d quark mass difference, we find that the assumption seems to be a very poor one.

scholarly journals Effect of Rothia mucilaginosa enzymes on gliadin (gluten) structure, deamidation, and immunogenic epitopes relevant to celiac disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (8) ◽  
pp. G769-G776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Tian ◽  
Guoxian Wei ◽  
Detlef Schuppan ◽  
Eva J. Helmerhorst
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Tissue Transglutaminase ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Rothia Mucilaginosa ◽  
Immunogenic Properties

Rothia mucilaginosa, a natural microbial inhabitant of the oral cavity, cleaves gluten (gliadin) proteins at regions that are resistant to degradation by mammalian enzymes. The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent the R. mucilaginosa cell-associated enzymes abolish gliadin immunogenic properties. Degradation of total gliadins and highly immunogenic gliadin 33-mer or 26-mer peptides was monitored by SDS-PAGE and RP-HPLC, and fragments were sequenced by liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometer (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Peptide deamidation by tissue transglutaminase (TG2), a critical step in rendering the fragments more immunogenic, was assessed by TG2-mediated cross-linking to monodansyl cadaverine (MDC), and by a +1-Da mass difference by LC-ESI-MS. Survival of potential immunogenic gliadin epitopes was determined by use of the R5 antibody-based ELISA. R. mucilaginosa-associated enzymes cleaved gliadins, 33-mer and 26-mer peptides into smaller fragments. TG2-mediated cross-linking showed a perfect inverse relationship with intact 33-mer and 26-mer peptide levels, and major degradation fragments showed a slow rate of MDC cross-linking of 6.18 ± 2.20 AU/min compared with 97.75 ± 10.72 and 84.17 ± 3.25 AU/min for the intact 33-mer and 26-mer, respectively, which was confirmed by reduced TG2-mediated deamidation of the fragments in mass spectrometry. Incubation of gliadins with Rothia cells reduced R5 antibody binding by 20, 82, and 97% after 30 min, 2 h, and 5 h, respectively, which was paralleled by reduced reactivity of enzyme-treated 33-mer and 26-mer peptides in the R5 competitive ELISA. Our broad complementary approach to validate gluten degrading activities qualifies R. mucilaginosa-associated enzymes as promising tools to neutralize T cell immunogenic properties for treatment of celiac disease.

Electromagnetic neutron-proton mass difference in the Skyrme model

1987 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Ebrahim ◽  
Mustafa Savci
Keyword(s):  
Mass Difference ◽  
Skyrme Model ◽  
Proton Mass
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