Gauge Invariant Formulation of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer Theory of Superconductivity

1960 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 502-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Oliphant ◽  
W. Tobocman
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Invariant Formulation ◽  
Theory Of Superconductivity

Gauge-invariant formulation of axion-electrodynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley A. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Dirac Fermion ◽  
Dirac Field ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Fermion Fields ◽  
Simple Generalization ◽  
Invariant Formulation ◽  
Em Field

In this paper, we propose a simple generalization of axion-electrodynamics (AED) for the general case in which Dirac fermion fields and scalar/pseudoscalar axion-like fields are present in the local [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text])[Formula: see text] gauge-invariant Lagrangian of the system. Our primary goal (which is not explored here) is to understand and predict novel phenomena that have no counterpart in standard (pseudoscalar) AED. With this end in view, we discuss on very general grounds, possible processes in which a Dirac field is coupled to axionic fields via the electromagnetic (EM) field.

scholarly journals Gauge-Invariant Formulation of Time-Dependent Configuration Interaction Singles Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Sato ◽  
Takuma Teramura ◽  
Kenichi Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Configuration Interaction ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Invariant Formulation
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