Transfecting Neural Crest Cells in Avian Embryos Using In Ovo Electroporation

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (2) ◽  
pp. pdb.prot4925-pdb.prot4925 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Kadison ◽  
C. E. Krull
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Avian Embryos ◽  
In Ovo Electroporation

Migration of Enteric Neural Crest Cells in Relation to Growth of the Gut in Avian Embryos

1996 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.F. Newgreen ◽  
B. Southwell ◽  
L. Hartley ◽  
I.J. Allan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Avian Embryos

scholarly journals In ovo time-lapse analysis of chick hindbrain neural crest cell migration shows cell interactions during migration to the branchial arches

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 1161-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Kulesa ◽  
S.E. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Otic Vesicle ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Branchial Arches ◽  
Neural Crest Cell Migration ◽  
Crest Cell ◽  
Cell Cell

Hindbrain neural crest cells were labeled with DiI and followed in ovo using a new approach for long-term time-lapse confocal microscopy. In ovo imaging allowed us to visualize neural crest cell migration 2–3 times longer than in whole embryo explant cultures, providing a more complete picture of the dynamics of cell migration from emergence at the dorsal midline to entry into the branchial arches. There were aspects of the in ovo neural crest cell migration patterning which were new and different. Surprisingly, there was contact between neural crest cell migration streams bound for different branchial arches. This cell-cell contact occurred in the region lateral to the otic vesicle, where neural crest cells within the distinct streams diverted from their migration pathways into the branchial arches and instead migrated around the otic vesicle to establish a contact between streams. Some individual neural crest cells did appear to cross between the streams, but there was no widespread mixing. Analysis of individual cell trajectories showed that neural crest cells emerge from all rhombomeres (r) and sort into distinct exiting streams adjacent to the even-numbered rhombomeres. Neural crest cell migration behaviors resembled the wide diversity seen in whole embryo chick explants, including chain-like cell arrangements; however, average in ovo cell speeds are as much as 70% faster. To test to what extent neural crest cells from adjoining rhombomeres mix along migration routes and within the branchial arches, separate groups of premigratory neural crest cells were labeled with DiI or DiD. Results showed that r6 and r7 neural crest cells migrated to the same spatial location within the fourth branchial arch. The diversity of migration behaviors suggests that no single mechanism guides in ovo hindbrain neural crest cell migration into the branchial arches. The cell-cell contact between migration streams and the co-localization of neural crest cells from adjoining rhombomeres within a single branchial arch support the notion that the pattern of hindbrain neural crest cell migration emerges dynamically with cell-cell communication playing an important guidance role.

Regulated expression of neurofibromin in migrating neural crest cells of avian embryos

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate M. Stocker ◽  
Lawrence Baizer ◽  
Tiffani Coston ◽  
Larry Sherman ◽  
Gary Ciment
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Avian Embryos ◽  
Regulated Expression

Analysis of the origins and early fates of neural crest cells in caudal regions of avian embryos

1985 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary C. Schoenwolf ◽  
Nancy B. Chandler ◽  
Jodi L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Avian Embryos

Localisation et durée des potentialités médullo-surrénaliennes des crêtes neurales chez l'embryon de Poulet

Development ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-614
Author(s):  
Alain Chevallier
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Adrenal Cells ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Medullary Cells

The localization and duration of the capacity of neural crest cells to differentiate into medullary cells of the adrenal gland The capacity of the neural crest cells to differentiate into medullary cells of the adrenal gland has been tested for different levels of the cephalo-caudal axis of the chick embryo and at different stages. The procedure consisted in associating a fragment of neural crest cells containing spinal cord with a section of an embryo containing the prospective cortical territory. The latter was previously deprived in ovo of presumptive medullar adrenal cells by localized X-irradiation of its spinal cord. The portion of the spinal cord which has the capacity to give off medulloblasts is located not only within the prospective adrenal area (somite levels 18–22), but also within a region extending over a length of six somites in front and seven somites behind the presumptive zone. This capacity, which is restricted in space, is also limited in time. It is possessed by the portion of spinal cord defined above from 6 h before the migration of the first neural crest cells and lasts roughly for 24 h after the beginning of migration. Furthermore, the experiments indicate that the differentiation of neural crest cells into medullocytes requires the inductive influence of the cortical cells.

scholarly journals CHARGE syndrome modeling using patient-iPSCs reveals defective migration of neural crest cells harboring CHD7 mutations

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironobu Okuno ◽  
Francois Renault Mihara ◽  
Shigeki Ohta ◽  
Kimiko Fukuda ◽  
Kenji Kurosawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Charge Syndrome ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Migratory Activity ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Neural Crest Migration

CHARGE syndrome is caused by heterozygous mutations in the chromatin remodeler, CHD7, and is characterized by a set of malformations that, on clinical grounds, were historically postulated to arise from defects in neural crest formation during embryogenesis. To better delineate neural crest defects in CHARGE syndrome, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from two patients with typical syndrome manifestations, and characterized neural crest cells differentiated in vitro from these iPSCs (iPSC-NCCs). We found that expression of genes associated with cell migration was altered in CHARGE iPSC-NCCs compared to control iPSC-NCCs. Consistently, CHARGE iPSC-NCCs showed defective delamination, migration and motility in vitro, and their transplantation in ovo revealed overall defective migratory activity in the chick embryo. These results support the historical inference that CHARGE syndrome patients exhibit defects in neural crest migration, and provide the first successful application of patient-derived iPSCs in modeling craniofacial disorders.

Adenovirus-mediated ectopic expression of Msx2 in even-numbered rhombomeres induces apoptotic elimination of cranial neural crest cells in ovo

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (9) ◽  
pp. 1627-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Takahashi ◽  
G.H. Nuckolls ◽  
O. Tanaka ◽  
I. Semba ◽  
I. Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Gain Of Function ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest Cells

Distinct cranial neural crest-derived cell types (a number of neuronal as well as non-neuronal cell lineages) are generated at characteristic times and positions in the rhombomeres of the hindbrain in developing vertebrate embryos. To examine this developmental process, we developed a novel strategy designed to test the efficacy of gain-of-function Msx2 expression within rhombomeres in ovo prior to the emigration of cranial neural crest cells (CNCC). Previous studies indicate that CNCC from odd-numbered rhombomeres (r3 and r5) undergo apoptosis in response to exogenous BMP4. We provide evidence that targeted infection in ovo using adenovirus containing Msx2 and a reporter molecule indicative of translation can induce apoptosis in either even- or odd-numbered rhombomeres. Furthermore, infected lacZ-control explants indicated that CNCC emigrated, and that 20% of these cells were double positive for crest cell markers HNK-1 and beta-gal. In contrast, there were no HNK-1 and Msx2 double positive cells emigrating from Msx2 infected explants. These results support the hypothesis that apoptotic elimination of CNCC can be induced by ‘gain-of-function’ Msx2 expression in even-numbered rhombomeres. These inductive interactions involve qualitative, quantitative, positional and temporal differences in TGF-beta-related signals, Msx2 expression and other transcriptional control.

Avian neural crest-derived neurogenic precursors undergo apoptosis on the lateral migration pathway

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (21) ◽  
pp. 4205-4213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Wakamatsu ◽  
M. Mochii ◽  
K.S. Vogel ◽  
J.A. Weston
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Lateral Migration ◽  
Avian Embryos ◽  
Migration Pathway ◽  
Proof Reading ◽  
Vertebrate Embryos ◽  
And Function

Neural crest cells of vertebrate embryos disperse on distinct pathways and produce different derivatives in specific embryonic locations. In the trunk of avian embryos, crest-derived cells that initially migrate on the lateral pathway, between epidermal ectoderm and somite, produce melanocytes but no neuronal derivatives. Although we found that melanocyte precursors are specified before they disperse on the lateral pathway, we also observed that a few crest-derived neuronal cells are briefly present on the same pathway. Here, we show that neuronal cells are removed by an episode of apoptosis. These observations suggest that localized environmental factor(s) affect the distribution of fate-restricted crest derivatives and function as a ‘proof-reading mechanism’ to remove ‘ectopic’ crest-derived cells.

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