Fluorescent Labeling of Yeast Cell Wall Components

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (8) ◽  
pp. pdb.prot085241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Okada ◽  
Yoshikazu Ohya
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Fluorescent Labeling ◽  
Yeast Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Wall Components

scholarly journals Sbe2p and Sbe22p, Two Homologous Golgi Proteins Involved in Yeast Cell Wall Formation

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Santos ◽  
Michael Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Cell Wall Structure ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Cell Morphogenesis ◽  
Chitin Synthesis ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Wall Components

The cell wall of fungal cells is important for cell integrity and cell morphogenesis and protects against harmful environmental conditions. The yeast cell wall is a complex structure consisting mainly of mannoproteins, glucan, and chitin. The molecular mechanisms by which the cell wall components are synthesized and transported to the cell surface are poorly understood. We have identified and characterized two homologous yeast proteins, Sbe2p and Sbe22p, through their suppression of a chs5 spa2 mutant strain defective in chitin synthesis and cell morphogenesis. Althoughsbe2 and sbe22 null mutants are viable,sbe2 sbe22 cells display several phenotypes indicative of defects in cell integrity and cell wall structure. First,sbe2 sbe22 cells display a sorbitol-remediable lysis defect at 37°C and are hypersensitive to SDS and calcofluor. Second, electron microscopic analysis reveals that sbe2 sbe22cells have an aberrant cell wall structure with a reduced mannoprotein layer. Finally, immunofluorescence experiments reveal that in small-budded cells, sbe2 sbe22 mutants mislocalize Chs3p, a protein involved in chitin synthesis. In addition, sbe2 sbe22 diploids have a bud-site selection defect, displaying a random budding pattern. A Sbe2p–GFP fusion protein localizes to cytoplasmic patches, and Sbe2p cofractionates with Golgi proteins. Deletion of CHS5, which encodes a Golgi protein involved in the transport of Chs3p to the cell periphery, is lethal in combination with disruption of SBE2 andSBE22. Thus, we suggest a model in which Sbe2p and Sbe22p are involved in the transport of cell wall components from the Golgi apparatus to the cell surface periphery in a pathway independent of Chs5p.

Mitogenic Activity of Cell Wall Components from Lactobacillus acidophilus

1993 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro YAMADA ◽  
Haruki KITAZAWA ◽  
Junko UEMURA ◽  
Tadao SAITOH ◽  
Takatoshi ITOH
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Mitogenic Activity ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Wall Components

scholarly journals Ibudilast Mitigates Delayed Bone Healing Caused by Lipopolysaccharide by Altering Osteoblast and Osteoclast Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Yuhan Chang ◽  
Chih-Chien Hu ◽  
Ying-Yu Wu ◽  
Steve W. N. Ueng ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Bridge ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Osteoclast Activity ◽  
Wall Components

Bacterial infection in orthopedic surgery is challenging because cell wall components released after bactericidal treatment can alter osteoblast and osteoclast activity and impair fracture stability. However, the precise effects and mechanisms whereby cell wall components impair bone healing are unclear. In this study, we characterized the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on bone healing and osteoclast and osteoblast activity in vitro and in vivo and evaluated the effects of ibudilast, an antagonist of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), on LPS-induced changes. In particular, micro-computed tomography was used to reconstruct femoral morphology and analyze callus bone content in a femoral defect mouse model. In the sham-treated group, significant bone bridge and cancellous bone formation were observed after surgery, however, LPS treatment delayed bone bridge and cancellous bone formation. LPS inhibited osteogenic factor-induced MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, calcium deposition, and osteopontin secretion and increased the activity of osteoclast-associated molecules, including cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in vitro. Finally, ibudilast blocked the LPS-induced inhibition of osteoblast activation and activation of osteoclast in vitro and attenuated LPS-induced delayed callus bone formation in vivo. Our results provide a basis for the development of a novel strategy for the treatment of bone infection.

Changes in cell wall components and hygroscopic properties of Pinus radiata caused by heat treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto García-Iruela ◽  
Luis García Esteban ◽  
Francisco García Fernández ◽  
Paloma de Palacios ◽  
Alejandro B. Rodriguez-Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Wall Components

scholarly journals Peptidogalactomannan from Histoplasma capsulatum yeast cell wall: role of the chemical structure in recognition and activation by peritoneal macrophages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Maria Pires dos Santos ◽  
Gustavo Ramalho Cardoso dos Santos ◽  
Mariana Ingrid Dutra da Silva Xisto ◽  
Rodrigo Rollin-Pinheiro ◽  
Andréa Regina de Souza Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Yeast Cell Wall

scholarly journals Synthetic carbohydrate-based cell wall components from Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Berni ◽  
Jacopo Enotarpi ◽  
Thijs Voskuilen ◽  
Sizhe Li ◽  
Gijs A. van der Marel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Synthetic Carbohydrate ◽  
Wall Components
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