Gamborg's B5 powder medium

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 (1) ◽  
pp. pdb.caut406
Keyword(s):  
Powder Medium

Frequency dependent structures in an electrostatically driven powder medium

2009 ◽  
Vol 481 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 194-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Salvatierra ◽  
O.L. Cortés Bracho ◽  
P.L. Dammig Quiña ◽  
I.M. Irurzun ◽  
E.E. Mola
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Powder Medium

Multishock Compactions of Powder Media Influenced by Elastic Waves in Punch and Plug

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-381
Author(s):  
Yukio Sano ◽  
Koji Tokushima ◽  
Kiyohiro Miyagi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Elastic Waves ◽  
Critical Length ◽  
Wall Friction ◽  
Initial Powder ◽  
Green Density ◽  
Previous Experimental Data ◽  
Powder Medium ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
The Mean

The previous theoretical predictions of the compaction of a copper powder medium, based on the assumption that the punch and plug were both a rigid body, did not satisfactorily agree with the experimental results obtained for short initial powder lengths and long plug lengths. This type of compaction amounts to cases when the plug length exceeds the second critical length which will be described below. Shock waves in a powder medium and elastic waves in the elastic punch and plug, schematically shown in space coordinate-time diagrams, suggest that the elastic wave in the plug is the probable cause of the inconsistency between the theoretical and experimental data of the previous investigation. In fact, the diagrams indicate that the shock wave transmitted in the medium across the medium-plug interface exerts an effect on the compaction process when the plug length does not exceed what is termed the first critical length. In cases when the effect of die wall friction is neglected, the mean green density-initial powder length relation of the copper medium is obtained from a theoretical approximation based on energy of the medium for the compaction with the sum of the initial powder length and the plug length being constant. This relation indicates that the effect of elasticity of the plug is large as the plug length becomes large. The second critical plug length at which the effect of elasticity becomes balanced with the effect of die wall friction is established by this relation and by the previously computed density-length relation with the effect of die wall friction taken into account. More specifically, these two relations provide a relation involving the first and second critical-plug lengths. The relation inferred as such agrees qualitatively with the previous experimental data in the examined region of the initial powder length. This qualitative agreement suggests that if the effects of elasticity and die wall friction are considered, a satisfactory theoretical and experimental agreement could be obtained. Therefore, the mean green density-initial powder length relation is computed taking into account both the effects. The computed relation agrees quantitatively with the previous experimental data even for short initial powder lengths and long plug lengths.

A Theoretical Derivation of the Similarity of Dynamic Compaction Processes of Powder Media in Dies

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Yukio Sano
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Dynamic Compaction ◽  
Simple Type ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Powder Medium ◽  
Compaction Energy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Compaction Processes

Multiple shock compactions of powder media within a die with a rigid punch are theoretically investigated. First, similarity of dynamic compaction processes for a powder medium of a simple type is exhibited through nondimensionalized one-dimensional equations. The similarity is established after determination of three parameters, i.e., the ratio S* of the lateral surface to the cross-sectional area of the medium, the ratio M* of the mass of the punch to that of the powder medium filled in the die, and the compaction energy per unit powder volume e. The similarity indicates that the particle velocity, specific volume and pressure have the same variation with respect to nondimensional time at all points in the medium with various cross-sections and initial lengths so long as S* is kept fixed at a certain value, i.e., at the same proportional nondimensional point in the medium. The density distributions of the green compacts are necessarily identical, and so is the mean density in all compactions. Second, it is shown in one of the nondimensionalized equations that wall frictional influence in a compaction where S* → 0 is not present, while the wall frictional influence is extremely large when S* is very large, which implies that the mean densities of the compacts are larger in compactions with smaller S*. Two types of compactions can be obtained for any powder medium because the equation used is applicable to any medium.

General-Form Solution of Shock Fitting Equation Including Die Wall Friction for the Multishock Powder Compaction

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-432
Author(s):  
Y. Sano ◽  
K. Tokushima ◽  
M. Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Friction Force ◽  
Form Solution ◽  
Wall Friction ◽  
Friction Effect ◽  
Medium Length ◽  
Powder Medium ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The One ◽  
Initial Medium ◽  
Shock Fitting

In this paper, shock fitting equations including wall friction force for predicting the one-dimensional compaction process of a powder medium caused by punch impact are first derived. The medium is assumed to be discontinuously compressed only at a shock wave front both when the front propagates toward an assumed rigid plug and when it propagates back to an assumed rigid punch. The equations suggest that the effect of the friction force on the process becomes large as the front propagates toward the plug. This friction effect suggests that a continuous compression will occur in the medium between the impacted surface and the front if the effect is large. Next, the general-form solution of the shock fitting equations is obtained. This solution is compared with the solution by the pseudo-viscosity method without using the assumption that the medium is compressed only at the front. Both the solutions agree well for the compaction with a short initial medium length where the effect is not remarkable. For the compaction with a long initial medium length where the effect is remarkable, however, the solutions predict different types of the process, especially in its earlier stage. Explicitly, the former predicts the discontinuous compression only at the front, as is clear from the assumption made, while the latter predicts not only the discontinuous compaction at the front but also the continuous compression between the impacted surface and the front due to the remarkable friction effect. In its later stage, they predict the compression only at the front. Thus, the general-form solution is valid for the compaction with short initial medium lengths, but results in errors in the earlier stage for long initial medium lengths.

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