scholarly journals Effects of the Selective M1 Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist Dicyclomine on Emotional Memory

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Fornari
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist ◽  
M1 Muscarinic

The Antiallodynic Effects of Intrathecal Cholinesterase Inhibitors in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain 

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 492-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jai-Hyun Hwang ◽  
Kyu-Sam Hwang ◽  
Jeong-Kil Leem ◽  
Pyung-Hwan Park ◽  
Sung-Min Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Motor Weakness ◽  
Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Moderate Effect ◽  
M1 Muscarinic

Background This study determined the effect of intrathecally administered cholinesterase inhibitors, edrophonium and neostigmine, on nerve injury-induced, touch-evoked allodynia and identified the pharmacologic characteristics of this action. Methods Rats were prepared with tight ligation of the left L5 and L6 spinal nerves and with lumbar intrathecal catheters fitted for long-term monitoring. Edrophonium (3, 10, 30, or 100 microg) or neostigmine (0.3, 1, 3, or 10 microg) was administered intrathecally. Tactile allodynia and motor weakness were assessed. To evaluate the pharmacologic characteristics of the activity, a muscarinic receptor antagonist or a nicotinic receptor antagonist was administered intrathecally before edrophonium or neostigmine was injected. To compare the action of subtype antagonists, the M1 muscarinic receptor antagonist pirenzepine, the M2 antagonist methoctramine, the M3 antagonist 4-DAMP (diphenylacetoxy-N-methypiperidine), and the M4 antagonist tropicamide were administered intrathecally before cholinesterase inhibitors were injected. Results Intrathecal edrophonium or neostigmine produced a dose-dependent antagonism of the touch-evoked allodynia. Neostigmine resulted in a moderate effect on motor weakness at doses of 3 and 10 microg. Pretreatment with intrathecal atropine but not mecamylamine yielded a complete antagonism of the effects of the cholinesterase inhibitors. In addition, antiallodynia produced by edrophonium (100 microg) was reversed by pretreatment with methoctramine, 4-DAMP, tropicamide, and pirenzepine. In the neostigmine (10 microg) group, only the M1 antagonist pirenzepine had a moderate effect on reversal of increased allodynic threshold. Conclusions These experiments suggest that intrathecal edrophonium or neostigmine produces an antagonism on touch-evoked allodynia at the spinal level in a rat model of neuropathic pain and that the antiallodynic action of cholinesterase inhibitors is probably mediated by a spinal muscarinic system, especially at the M1 receptor subtype.

The (S)-(+)-enantiomer of dimethindene: a novel M2-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist

1995 ◽  
Vol 286 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otmar Pfaff ◽  
Caren Hildebrandt ◽  
Magali Waelbroeck ◽  
Xue Hou ◽  
Ulrich Moser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist
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