Localization of molecular correlates of memory consolidation to buccal ganglia mechanoafferent neurons after learning that food is inedible in Aplysia

D. Levitan; R. Saada-Madar; A. Teplinsky; A. J. Susswein

doi:10.1101/lm.026393.112

Localization of molecular correlates of memory consolidation to buccal ganglia mechanoafferent neurons after learning that food is inedible in Aplysia

Learning & Memory ◽

10.1101/lm.026393.112 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 19 (11) ◽

pp. 503-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

D. Levitan ◽

R. Saada-Madar ◽

A. Teplinsky ◽

A. J. Susswein

Keyword(s):

Memory Consolidation ◽

Buccal Ganglia

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Transmission Electron Microscopy Studies of Pore Cells in Limax Maximus

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080705 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 656-657

Author(s):

B. S. Beltz

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Cell Periphery ◽

Salivary Duct ◽

Terrestrial Mollusc ◽

Buccal Ganglia ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Pore Cells ◽

Gland Tissue ◽

Storage Area ◽

Limax Maximus

The cells which are described in this study surround the salivary nerve of the terrestrial mollusc, Limax maximus. The salivary system of Limax consists of bilateral glands, ducts, and nerves. The salivary nerves originate at the buccal ganglia, which are situated on the posterior face of the buccal mass, and run along the salivary duct to the gland. The salivary nerve branches several times near the gland, and eventually sends processes into the gland.The pore cells begin to appear at the first large branch point of the salivary nerve, near the gland (Figure 1). They follow the nerve distally and eventually accompany the nerve branches into the gland tissue. The cells are 20-50 microns in diameter and contain very small nuclei (1-5 microns) (Figure 2).The cytoplasm of the pore cells is segregated into a storage area of glycogen and an organelle region located in a band around the cell periphery (Figure 3).

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Positive Arousal Enhances the Consolidation of Item Memory

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024/1421-0185/a000151 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 91-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bo Wang

Keyword(s):

Episodic Memory ◽

Memory Consolidation ◽

Source Memory ◽

Emotional Arousal ◽

Theoretical Models ◽

Memory Test ◽

Learning Phase ◽

Item Memory ◽

Memory Tests ◽

Immediate Memory

Emotional arousal induced after learning has been shown to modulate memory consolidation. However, it is unclear whether the effect of postlearning arousal can extend to different aspects of memory. This study examined the effect of postlearning positive arousal on both item memory and source memory. Participants learned a list of neutral words and took an immediate memory test. Then they watched a positive or a neutral videoclip and took delayed memory tests after either 25 minutes or 1 week had elapsed after the learning phase. In both delay conditions, positive arousal enhanced consolidation of item memory as measured by overall recognition. Furthermore, positive arousal enhanced consolidation of familiarity but not recollection. However, positive arousal appeared to have no effect on consolidation of source memory. These findings have implications for building theoretical models of the effect of emotional arousal on consolidation of episodic memory and for applying postlearning emotional arousal as a technique of memory intervention.

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