scholarly journals Covariation in Frequencies of Substitution, Deletion, Transposition, and Recombination During Eutherian Evolution

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Hardison
Keyword(s):  
Eutherian Evolution

scholarly journals Reconstruction and evolutionary history of eutherian chromosomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (27) ◽  
pp. E5379-E5388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaebum Kim ◽  
Marta Farré ◽  
Loretta Auvil ◽  
Boris Capitanu ◽  
Denis M. Larkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Genome ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Homologous Sequence ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Murid Rodents ◽  
Chromosomal Breakpoints ◽  
Genome Assemblies ◽  
Eutherian Evolution

Whole-genome assemblies of 19 placental mammals and two outgroup species were used to reconstruct the order and orientation of syntenic fragments in chromosomes of the eutherian ancestor and six other descendant ancestors leading to human. For ancestral chromosome reconstructions, we developed an algorithm (DESCHRAMBLER) that probabilistically determines the adjacencies of syntenic fragments using chromosome-scale and fragmented genome assemblies. The reconstructed chromosomes of the eutherian, boreoeutherian, and euarchontoglires ancestor each included >80% of the entire length of the human genome, whereas reconstructed chromosomes of the most recent common ancestor of simians, catarrhini, great apes, and humans and chimpanzees included >90% of human genome sequence. These high-coverage reconstructions permitted reliable identification of chromosomal rearrangements over ∼105 My of eutherian evolution. Orangutan was found to have eight chromosomes that were completely conserved in homologous sequence order and orientation with the eutherian ancestor, the largest number for any species. Ruminant artiodactyls had the highest frequency of intrachromosomal rearrangements, and interchromosomal rearrangements dominated in murid rodents. A total of 162 chromosomal breakpoints in evolution of the eutherian ancestral genome to the human genome were identified; however, the rate of rearrangements was significantly lower (0.80/My) during the first ∼60 My of eutherian evolution, then increased to greater than 2.0/My along the five primate lineages studied. Our results significantly expand knowledge of eutherian genome evolution and will facilitate greater understanding of the role of chromosome rearrangements in adaptation, speciation, and the etiology of inherited and spontaneously occurring diseases.

Species composition of the Late Cretaceous eutherian mammal Paranyctoides Fox

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 693-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisol Montellano-Ballesteros ◽  
Richard C. Fox ◽  
Craig S. Scott
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Eutherian Mammal ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Dinosaur Park Formation ◽  
Eutherian Evolution

Although the known record of Mesozoic eutherian mammals has been significantly enriched in recent years, early eutherian evolution is still not well understood. Among the more controversial of Mesozoic eutherians is Paranyctoides Fox, which was described in 1979 from the Judithian Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta, Canada. It is a rare taxon and therefore has been identified in only a few other North American Late Cretaceous local faunas since. Within the past decade, dental and gnathic remains discovered in Central Asia have also been referred to Paranyctoides, thereby expanding the geographic range of the genus substantially and making it the only Late Cretaceous eutherian ostensibly occurring in both continents. As a result of our detailed study of Paranyctoides, however, we find that the Central Asian species lack the diagnostic characters of Paranyctoides and must be referred to other taxa. We conclude that this genus was limited to North America, ranging from Aquilan to Lancian time, and accordingly we recognize as valid only the following species: Paranyctoides sternbergi (Judithian, Alberta), P. maleficus (Aquilan, Alberta), Paranyctoides Wahweap sp. A and sp. B (Judithian, Utah), Paranyctoides Kaiparowits sp. A and sp. B (Judithian, Utah). Another purported species of Paranyctoides, P. megakeros, from the Lancian of Wyoming, is a junior synonym of Alostera saskatchewanensis.

Life-History Correlates of Placental Structure in Eutherian Evolution

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Lewitus ◽  
Christophe Soligo
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Eutherian Evolution ◽  
Placental Structure

scholarly journals Autosomal assignment of OTC in marsupials and monotremes: implications for the evolution of sex chromosomes

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Sinclair ◽  
Jacyln M. Wrigley ◽  
Jennifer A. Marshall Graves
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Cdna Probe ◽  
Ornithine Transcarbamylase ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Inactivation Mechanism ◽  
Marsupial Species ◽  
Gene Maps ◽  
Eutherian Evolution

SummaryThe OTC gene coding for ornithine transcarbamylase is sex linked and subject to X inactivation in humans and mice. We have used a rat cDNA probe to localize OTC by in situ hybridization in marsupials and monotremes. The gene maps to an autosomal site in two distantly related marsupial species and in one monotreme (the platypus); the first demonstration that a gene X-linked in one mammalian species may be autosomal in another. Since the conservation of the mammalian X is thought to be a consequence of its isolation by the inactivation mechanism, we propose that an autosomal or pseudoautosomal segment containing OTC has been recruited into the inactivated region of the X rather recently in eutherian evolution while it remained autosomal, or was translocated to an autosome, in metatherian and prototherian mammals.

Interordinal relationships and timescale of eutherian evolution as inferred from mitochondrial genome data

Gene ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 259 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Cao ◽  
Miyako Fujiwara ◽  
Masato Nikaido ◽  
Norihiro Okada ◽  
Masami Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Eutherian Evolution

scholarly journals Brown fat in a protoendothermic mammal fuels eutherian evolution

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Oelkrug ◽  
Nadja Goetze ◽  
Cornelia Exner ◽  
Yang Lee ◽  
Goutham K. Ganjam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Fat ◽  
Eutherian Evolution
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