scholarly journals Phylogenetic Footprint Analysis of IGF2 in Extant Mammals

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1726-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Weidman
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Footprint ◽  
Footprint Analysis

Rubber Composition–Properties Relationships during Tire Numerical Simulation and Design Optimization

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Mazin ◽  
Alexander Kapustin ◽  
Mikhail Soloviev ◽  
Alexander Karanets
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Strain Tensor ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Orthogonal Functions ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Time Investment ◽  
Footprint Analysis ◽  
Composition Properties ◽  
Nonlinear Elastic

ABSTRACT Numerical simulation based on finite element analysis is now widely used during the design optimization of tires, thereby drastically reducing the time investment in the design process and improving tire performance because it is obtained from the optimized solution. Rubber material models that are used in numerical calculations of stress–strain distributions are nonlinear and may include several parameters. The relations of these parameters with rubber formulations are usually unknown, so the designer has no information on whether the optimal set of parameters is reachable by the rubber technological possibilities. The aim of this work was to develop such relations. The most common approach to derive the equation of the state of rubber is based on the expansion of the strain energy in a series of invariants of the strain tensor. Here, we show that this approach has several drawbacks, one of which is problems that arise when trying to build on its basis the quantitative relations between the rubber composition and its properties. An alternative is to use a series expansion in orthogonal functions, thereby ensuring the linear independence of the coefficients of elasticity in evaluation of the experimental data and the possibility of constructing continuous maps of “the composition to the property.” In the case of orthogonal Legendre polynomials, the technique for constructing such maps is considered, and a set of empirical functions is proposed to adequately describe the dependence of the parameters of nonlinear elastic properties of general-purpose rubbers on the content of the main ingredients. The calculated sets of parameters were used in numerical tire simulations including static loading, footprint analysis, braking/acceleration, and cornering and also in design optimization procedures.

Commercial Trailer Tires: Tire Inflation and Its Effect on Rolling Resistance, Fuel Economy, and Tire Footprint

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-162
Author(s):  
Al Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Truck Tires ◽  
Footprint Analysis ◽  
Subsequent Loss ◽  
Resistance Data

ABSTRACT Maintaining proper tire inflation is the number one issue facing commercial fleets today. Common, slow-leaking tread area punctures along with leaking valve stems and osmosis through the tire casing lead to tire underinflation with a subsequent loss in fuel economy, reduction in retreadability, tread wear loss, irregular wear, and increase in tire-related roadside service calls. Commercial truck tires are the highest maintenance cost for fleets second only to fuel. This article will examine tire footprint analysis, rolling resistance data, and the effect on vehicle fuel economy from tires run at a variety of underinflated, overinflated, and recommended tire pressures. This analysis will also include the tire footprint impact by running tires on both fully loaded and unloaded trailers. The footprint analysis addresses both standard dual tires (295/75R22.5) along with the newer increasingly popular wide-base tire size 445/50R22.5.

Reliability and Validity of the Footprint Assessment Method Using Photoshop CS5 Software

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourdes Gutiérrez-Vilahú ◽  
Núria Massó-Ortigosa ◽  
Lluís Costa-Tutusaus ◽  
Myriam Guerra-Balic
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Software Test ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Digital Recording ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Footprint Analysis

Background Several sophisticated methods of footprint analysis currently exist. However, it is sometimes useful to apply standard measurement methods of recognized evidence with an easy and quick application. We sought to assess the reliability and validity of a new method of footprint assessment in a healthy population using Photoshop CS5 software (Adobe Systems Inc, San Jose, California). Methods Forty-two footprints, corresponding to 21 healthy individuals (11 men with a mean ± SD age of 20.45 ± 2.16 years and 10 women with a mean ± SD age of 20.00 ± 1.70 years) were analyzed. Footprints were recorded in static bipedal standing position using optical podography and digital photography. Three trials for each participant were performed. The Hernández-Corvo, Chippaux-Smirak, and Staheli indices and the Clarke angle were calculated by manual method and by computerized method using Photoshop CS5 software. Test-retest was used to determine reliability. Validity was obtained by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results The reliability test for all of the indices showed high values (ICC, 0.98–0.99). Moreover, the validity test clearly showed no difference between techniques (ICC, 0.99–1). Conclusions The reliability and validity of a method to measure, assess, and record the podometric indices using Photoshop CS5 software has been demonstrated. This provides a quick and accurate tool useful for the digital recording of morphostatic foot study parameters and their control.

Carbon footprint analysis of modern and traditional tempeh production in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ary Mauliva Hada Putri ◽  
Joko Waluyo ◽  
Arief Ameir Rahman Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Footprint Analysis

Emergy-based ecological footprint analysis for a mega-city: The dynamic changes of Shanghai

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 552-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hengyu Pan ◽  
Mufan Zhuang ◽  
Yong Geng ◽  
Fei Wu ◽  
Huijuan Dong
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Footprint Analysis ◽  
Ecological Footprint Analysis

scholarly journals Application of Rice Stubble Synthesized Zeolite for Greenhouse Gas Reduction

2016 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Patthanant Natpinit ◽  
Rewadee Anuwattana ◽  
Thitirat Ditkaew ◽  
Tawee Suppinunt
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Greenhouse Gasses ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Reduction ◽  
Cultivation Period ◽  
Footprint Analysis

This investigation aims to study the value of synthesized zeolite in reducing greenhouse gasses (GHGs) emitted by rice stubble. The experiment was divided into 2 parts. Part I com-prised a study of the efficiency of GHGs reduction by synthesized zeolite and part II involved application of synthesized zeolite to reduce the cumulative GHGs emissions over 110 days from paddy rice cultivation in Khlong 4, Pathum Thani Province. The experiments comprised 2 treatments: untreated control (I), and rice stubble with addition of synthesized zeolite (II). The study measured changes in the emissions of CH4 and CO2, conducted 3 d per week for 1.30 h during the cultivation period. The result s showed that rice stubble synthesized zeolite could reduce GHGs CH4 and CO2under irrigated conditions. In the experiment, synthesized zeolite had an efficiency of 8.91% and 24.5% in reducing CH4 and CO2, respectively. Footprint analysis showed that both gases were continuously emitted throughout cultivation. In Cumulative emissions from the control treatment were 42.57 g CH4 m-2 cropand 86.40g CO2 m-2 crop. Zeolite addition reduced emission levels to 30.71 g CH4 m-2 crop and 57.77 g CO2 m-2 crop. The reduction efficiencies CH4 and CO2 were 27.87% and 33.14%, respectively. It can be concluded that the rice stubble synthesized zeolite was capable of reducing GHGs significantly and that the efficiency was rate-dependent. It was clear that the GHGs emission reduction rate of synthesized zeolite was 0.148 g CH4 m-2 g zeolite and 0.358 g CO2 m-2 g zeolite.

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