scholarly journals Genome-wide evidence for selection acting on single amino acid repeats

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 755-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Haerty ◽  
G. B. Golding
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Repeats ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Genomic and Evolutionary Insights into Genes Encoding Proteins with Single Amino Acid Repeats

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1357-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratibha Siwach ◽  
Saurabh Dilip Pophaly ◽  
Subramaniam Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Repeats ◽  
Genes Encoding

scholarly journals Structural features of single amino acid repeats in proteins

FEBS Letters ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 448 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A Subirana ◽  
Jaume Palau
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Repeats

scholarly journals Pseudotyped Bat Coronavirus RaTG13 is efficiently neutralised by convalescent sera from SARS-CoV-2 infected Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Cantoni ◽  
Martin Mayora-Neto ◽  
Nazia Thakur ◽  
Ahmed ME Elrefaey ◽  
Joseph Newman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Vaccination Strategies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Bat Coronavirus

RaTG13 is a close relative of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, sharing 96% sequence similarity at the genome-wide level. The spike receptor binding domain (RBD) of RaTG13 contains a large number of amino acid substitutions when compared to SARS-CoV-2, likely impacting affinity for the ACE2 receptor. Antigenic differences between the viruses are less well understood, especially whether RaTG13 spike can be efficiently neutralised by antibodies generated from infection with, or vaccination against, SARS-CoV-2. Using RaTG13 and SARS-CoV-2 pseudotypes we compared neutralisation using convalescent sera from previously infected patients as well as vaccinated healthcare workers. Surprisingly, our results revealed that RaTG13 was more efficiently neutralised than SARS-CoV-2. In addition, neutralisation assays using spike chimeras and mutants harbouring single amino acid substitutions within the RBD demonstrated that both spike proteins can tolerate multiple changes without dramatically reducing how efficiently they are neutralised. Moreover, introducing the 484K mutation into RaTG13 resulted in increased neutralisation, in contrast to the same mutation in SARS-CoV-2 (E484K). This is despite E484K having a well-documented role in immune evasion in variants of concern (VOC) such as B.1.351 (Beta). These results indicate that the immune-escape mutations found in SARS-CoV-2 VOCs might be driven by strong antibody pressures, and that the future spill-over of RaTG13 and/or related sarbecoviruses could be mitigated using current SARS-CoV-2-based vaccination strategies.

scholarly journals Diverse single-amino-acid repeat profiles in the genus Cryptosporidium

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 145 (9) ◽  
pp. 1151-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Widmer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Cryptosporidium Hominis ◽  
Amino Acid Repeats ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Cryptosporidium Baileyi

AbstractGenome sequencing has greatly contributed to our understanding of parasitic protozoa. This is particularly the case for Cryptosporidium species (phylum Apicomplexa) which are difficult to propagate. Because of their polymorphic nature, simple sequence repeats have been used extensively as genotypic markers to differentiate between isolates, but no global analysis of amino acid repeats in Cryptosporidium genomes has been reported. Taking advantage of several newly sequenced Cryptosporidium genomes, a comparative analysis of single-amino-acid repeats (SAARs) in seven species was undertaken. This analysis revealed a striking difference between the SAAR profile of the gastric and intestinal species which infect mammals and one species which infects birds. In average, total SAAR length in gastric species is only 25% of the cumulative SAAR length in the genome of Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium meleagridis, species infectious to humans. The SAAR profile in the avian parasite Cryptosporidium baileyi stands out due to the presence of long asparagine repeats. Cryptosporidium baileyi proteins with repeats ⩾20 residues are significantly enriched in regulatory functions. As postulated for the related apicomplexan species Plasmodium falciparum, these observations suggest that Cryptosporidium SAARs evolve in response to selective pressure. The putative selective mechanisms driving SAAR evolution in Cryptosporidium species are unknown.

scholarly journals Single Amino Acid Repeats in the Proteome World: Structural, Functional, and Evolutionary Insights

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e0166854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitha Sampath Kumar ◽  
Divya Tej Sowpati ◽  
Rakesh K. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Repeats

scholarly journals Single amino acid repeats in signal peptides

FEBS Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 277 (15) ◽  
pp. 3147-3157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł P. Łabaj ◽  
Germán G. Leparc ◽  
Anaïs F. Bardet ◽  
Günther Kreil ◽  
David P. Kreil
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Signal Peptides ◽  
Amino Acid Repeats
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