On the Evolutionary Origins of Land Plant Auxin Biology

2021 ◽  
pp. a040048
Author(s):  
John L. Bowman ◽  
Eduardo Flores Sandoval ◽  
Hirotaka Kato
Keyword(s):  
Land Plant ◽  
Evolutionary Origins

The evolutionary origins of auxin transport: what we know and what we need to know

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 3287-3295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Vosolsobě ◽  
Roman Skokan ◽  
Jan Petrášek
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Auxin Carrier ◽  
Green Lineage

Abstract Auxin, represented by indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), has for a long time been studied mainly with respect to the development of land plants, and recent evidence confirms that canonical nuclear auxin signaling is a land plant apomorphy. Increasing sequential and physiological data show that the presence of auxin transport machinery pre-dates the emergence of canonical signaling. In this review, we summarize the present state of knowledge regarding the origins of auxin transport in the green lineage (Viridiplantae), integrating both data from wet lab experiments and sequence evidence on the presence of PIN-FORMED (PIN), PIN-LIKES (PILS), and AUXIN RESISTANT 1/LIKE-AUX1 (AUX1/LAX) homologs. We discuss a high divergence of auxin carrier homologs among algal lineages and emphasize the urgent need for the establishment of good molecular biology models from within the streptophyte green algae. We further postulate and discuss two hypotheses for the ancestral role of auxin in the green lineage. First, auxin was present as a by-product of cell metabolism and the evolution of its transport was stimulated by the need for IAA sequestration and cell detoxification. Second, auxin was primarily a signaling compound, possibly of bacterial origin, and its activity in the pre-plant green algae was a consequence of long-term co-existence with bacteria in shared ecological consortia.

scholarly journals The Genome of the Charophyte Alga Penium margaritaceum Bears Footprints of the Evolutionary Origins of Land Plants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Jiao ◽  
Iben Sørensen ◽  
Xuepeng Sun ◽  
Honghe Sun ◽  
Hila Behar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectory ◽  
Cell Wall Assembly ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Evolutionary Features

ABSTRACTThe colonization of land by plants was a pivotal event in the history of the biosphere, and yet the underlying evolutionary features and innovations of the first land plant ancestors are not well understood. Here we present the genome sequence of the unicellular alga Penium margaritaceum, a member of the Zygnematophyceae, the sister lineage to land plants. The P. margaritaceum genome has a high proportion of repeat sequences, which are associated with massive segmental gene duplications, likely facilitating neofunctionalization. Compared with earlier diverging plant lineages, P. margaritaceum has uniquely expanded repertoires of gene families, signaling networks and adaptive responses, supporting its phylogenetic placement and highlighting the evolutionary trajectory towards terrestrialization. These encompass a broad range of physiological processes and cellular structures, such as large families of extracellular polymer biosynthetic and modifying enzymes involved in cell wall assembly and remodeling. Transcriptome profiling of cells exposed to conditions that are common in terrestrial habitats, namely high light and desiccation, further elucidated key adaptations to the semi-aquatic ecosystems that are home to the Zygnematophyceae. Such habitats, in which a simpler body plan would be advantageous, likely provided the evolutionary crucible in which selective pressures shaped the transition to land. Earlier diverging charophyte lineages that are characterized by more complex land plant-like anatomies have either remained exclusively aquatic, or developed alternative life styles that allow periods of desiccation.

LEAVING THEIR MARK: BIOLOGICALLY-INDUCED MINERAL WEATHERING AND SOIL DEVELOPMENT IN ANCIENT LAND-PLANT ECOSYSTEMS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ria L. Mitchell ◽  
◽  
Javier Cuadros ◽  
Silvia Pressel ◽  
Jeffrey G. Duckett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Development ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Mineral Weathering

scholarly journals From tree to architecture: how functional morphology of arborescence connects plant biology, evolution and physics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Roth-Nebelsick ◽  
Tatiana Miranda ◽  
Martin Ebner ◽  
Wilfried Konrad ◽  
Christopher Traiser
Keyword(s):  
Land Plant ◽  
Plant Evolution ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Interfacial Physics ◽  
Plant Water Transport

AbstractTrees are the fundamental element of forest ecosystems, made possible by their mechanical qualities and their highly sophisticated conductive tissues. The evolution of trees, and thereby the evolution of forests, were ecologically transformative and affected climate and biogeochemical cycles fundamentally. Trees also offer a substantial amount of ecological niches for other organisms, such as epiphytes, creating a vast amount of habitats. During land plant evolution, a variety of different tree constructions evolved and their constructional principles are a subject of ongoing research. Understanding the “natural construction” of trees benefits strongly from methods and approaches from physics and engineering. Plant water transport is a good example for the ongoing demand for interdisciplinary efforts to unravel form-function relationships on vastly differing scales. Identification of the unique mechanism of water long-distance transport requires a solid basis of interfacial physics and thermodynamics. Studying tree functions by using theoretical approaches is, however, not a one-sided affair: The complex interrelationships between traits, functionality, trade-offs and phylogeny inspire engineers, physicists and architects until today.

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