scholarly journals Is a Human CD8 T-Cell Vaccine Possible, and if So, What Would It Take?

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. a028910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit K. Beura ◽  
Stephen C. Jameson ◽  
David Masopust
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
T Cell Vaccine

scholarly journals Biopolymer encapsulated live influenza virus as a universal CD8+ T cell vaccine against influenza virus

Vaccine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina C. Boesteanu ◽  
Nadarajan S. Babu ◽  
Margaret Wheatley ◽  
Elisabeth S. Papazoglou ◽  
Peter D. Katsikis
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
T Cell Vaccine

scholarly journals Utilizing Computational Machine Learning Tools to Understand Immunogenic Breadth in the Context of a CD8 T-Cell Mediated HIV Response

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed McGowan ◽  
Rachel Rosenthal ◽  
Andrew Fiore-Gartland ◽  
Gladys Macharia ◽  
Sheila Balinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Vaccine Design ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
T Cell Vaccine ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Global And Local

ABSTRACTPredictive models are becoming more and more commonplace as tools for candidate antigen discovery to meet the challenges of enabling epitope mapping of cohorts with diverse HLA properties. Here we build on the concept of using two key parameters, diversity metric of the HLA profile of individuals within a population and consideration of sequence diversity in the context of an individual’s CD8 T-cell immune repertoire to assess the HIV proteome for defined regions of immunogenicity. Using this approach, Analysis of HLA adaptation and functional immunogenicity data enabled the identification of regions within the proteome that offer significant conservation, HLA recognition within a population, low prevalence of HLA adaptation and demonstrated immunogenicity. We believe this unique and novel approach to vaccine design that, in combination with in vitro functional assays, offers a bespoke pipeline for expedited and rational CD8 T-cell vaccine design for HIV and potentially other pathogens with the potential for both global and local coverage.

scholarly journals An Effective CTL Peptide Vaccine for Ebola Zaire Based on Survivors’ CD8+ Targeting of a Particular Nucleocapsid Protein Epitope with Potential Implications for COVID-19 Vaccine Design

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
CV Herst ◽  
S Burkholz ◽  
J Sidney ◽  
A Sette ◽  
PE Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Nucleocapsid Protein ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Design ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Amino Acid Peptide ◽  
T Cell Vaccine ◽  
Cell Immunity

AbstractThe 2013-2016 West Africa EBOV epidemic was the biggest EBOV outbreak to date. An analysis of virus-specific CD8+ T-cell immunity in 30 survivors showed that 26 of those individuals had a CD8+ response to at least one EBOV protein. The dominant response (25/26 subjects) was specific to the EBOV nucleocapsid protein (NP). It has been suggested that epitopes on the EBOV NP could form an important part of an effective T-cell vaccine for Ebola Zaire. We show that a 9-amino-acid peptide NP44-52 (YQVNNLEEI) located in a conserved region of EBOV NP provides protection against morbidity and mortality after mouse adapted EBOV challenge. A single vaccination in a C57BL/6 mouse using an adjuvanted microsphere peptide vaccine formulation containing NP44-52 is enough to confer immunity in mice. Our work suggests that a peptide vaccine based on CD8+ T-cell immunity in EBOV survivors is conceptually sound and feasible. Nucleocapsid proteins within SARS-CoV-2 contain multiple class I epitopes with predicted HLA restrictions consistent with broad population coverage. A similar approach to a CTL vaccine design may be possible for that virus.

scholarly journals Sampling SARS-CoV-2 Proteomes for Predicted CD8 T-Cell Epitopes as a Tool for Understanding Immunogenic Breadth and Rational Vaccine Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hare ◽  
David Morrison ◽  
Morten Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Design ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
T Cell Vaccine ◽  
Rational Vaccine Design ◽  
Global And Local

Predictive models for vaccine design have become a powerful and necessary resource for the expeditiousness design of vaccines to combat the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. Here we use the power of these predicted models to assess the sequence diversity of circulating SARS-CoV-2 proteomes in the context of an individual’s CD8 T-cell immune repertoire to identify potential. defined regions of immunogenicity. Using this approach of expedited and rational CD8 T-cell vaccine design, it may be possible to develop a therapeutic vaccine candidate with the potential for both global and local coverage.

scholarly journals Rescue of CD8+ T cell vaccine memory following sublethal γ irradiation

Vaccine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (32) ◽  
pp. 3865-3872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh I. McFarland ◽  
Julia D. Berkson ◽  
Jay P. Lee ◽  
Abdel G. Elkahloun ◽  
Karen P. Mason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
T Cell Vaccine

Phase I Clinical Trial HIV-CORE002 of a Universal T-cell Vaccine: Mapping of CD8+ T Cell Epitopes

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
pp. A187-A187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J. Borthwick ◽  
Tina Ahmed ◽  
Lucy Dorrell ◽  
Andy Van Hateren ◽  
Tim Elliot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Phase I Clinical Trial ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
T Cell Vaccine

scholarly journals Adenovirus-vectored T cell vaccine for hepacivirus shows reduced effectiveness against a CD8 T cell escape variant in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. e1009391
Author(s):  
Alex S. Hartlage ◽  
Piyush Dravid ◽  
Christopher M. Walker ◽  
Amit Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
T Cell Vaccine

There is an urgent need for a vaccine to prevent chronic infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV) and its many genetic variants. The first human vaccine trial, using recombinant viral vectors that stimulate pan-genotypic T cell responses against HCV non-structural proteins, failed to demonstrate efficacy despite significant preclinical promise. Understanding the factors that govern HCV T cell vaccine success is necessary for design of improved immunization strategies. Using a rat model of chronic rodent hepacivirus (RHV) infection, we assessed the impact of antigenic variation and immune escape upon success of a conceptually analogous RHV T cell vaccine. Naïve Lewis rats were vaccinated with a recombinant human adenovirus expressing RHV non-structural proteins (NS)3-5B and later challenged with a viral variant containing immune escape mutations within major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted epitopes (escape virus). Whereas 7 of 11 (64%) rats cleared infection caused by wild-type RHV, only 3 of 12 (25%) were protected against heterologous challenge with escape virus. Uncontrolled replication of escape virus was associated with durable CD8 T cell responses targeting escaped epitopes alone. In contrast, clearance of escape virus correlated with CD4 T cell helper immunity and maintenance of CD8 T cell responses against intact viral epitopes. Interestingly, clearance of wild-type RHV infection after vaccination conferred enhanced protection against secondary challenge with escape virus. These results demonstrate that the efficacy of an RHV T cell vaccine is reduced when challenge virus contains escape mutations within MHC class I-restricted epitopes and that failure to sustain CD8 T cell responses against intact epitopes likely underlies immune failure in this setting. Further investigation of the immune responses that yield protection against diverse RHV challenges in this model may facilitate design of broadly effective HCV vaccines.

scholarly journals Sampling SARS-CoV-2 proteomes for predicted CD8 T-cell epitopes as a tool for understanding immunogenic breadth and rational vaccine design

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hare ◽  
David Morrison ◽  
Morten Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Design ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
T Cell Vaccine ◽  
Rational Vaccine Design ◽  
Global And Local

AbstractPredictive models for vaccine design have become a powerful and necessary resource for the expeditiousness design of vaccines to combat the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. Here we use the power of these predicted models to assess the sequence diversity of circulating SARS-CoV-2 proteomes in the context of an individual’s CD8 T-cell immune repertoire to identify potential. defined regions of immunogenicity. Using this approach of expedited and rational CD8 T-cell vaccine design, it may be possible to develop a therapeutic vaccine candidate with the potential for both global and local coverage.

scholarly journals Sequence-based approach for rapid identification of cross-clade CD8+ T-cell vaccine candidates from all high-risk HPV strains

3 Biotech ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna P. Singh ◽  
Neeraj Verma ◽  
Bashir A. Akhoon ◽  
Vishal Bhatt ◽  
Shishir K. Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
T Cell Vaccine ◽  
High Risk Hpv
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