scholarly journals Maturation and Functional Integration of New Granule Cells into the Adult Hippocampus

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. a018903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Toni ◽  
Alejandro F. Schinder
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cells ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Adult Hippocampus

Enhanced synaptic plasticity in newly generated granule cells of the adult hippocampus

Nature ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 429 (6988) ◽  
pp. 184-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Schmidt-Hieber ◽  
Peter Jonas ◽  
Josef Bischofberger
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Adult Hippocampus

scholarly journals Functional Integration of Adult-Generated Neurons in Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsey C. Damphousse ◽  
Jaclyn Medeiros ◽  
Diano F. Marrone
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Gk Rats ◽  
Adult Born Neurons

Adult-born neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) make important contributions to learning as they integrate into neuronal networks. Neurogenesis is dramatically reduced by a number of conditions associated with cognitive impairment, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Increasing neurogenesis may thus provide a therapeutic target for ameliorating diabetes-associated cognitive impairments, but only if new neurons remain capable of normal function. To address the capacity for adult-generated neurons to incorporate into functional circuits in the hyperglycemic DG, we measured Egr1 expression in granule cells (GCs), BrdU labeled four weeks prior, in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, an established model of T2DM, and age-matched Wistars. The results indicate that while fewer GCs are generated in the DG of GK rats, GCs that survive readily express Egr1 in response to spatial information. These data demonstrate that adult-generated GCs in the hyperglycemic DG remain functionally competent and support neurogenesis as a viable therapeutic target.

scholarly journals Competition from newborn granule cells does not drive axonal retraction of silenced old granule cells in the adult hippocampus

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla M. Lopez ◽  
Kenneth A. Pelkey ◽  
Ramesh Chittajallu ◽  
Toshiaki Nakashiba ◽  
Katalin Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cells ◽  
Adult Hippocampus

scholarly journals Adult dentate gyrus neurogenesis: a functional model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Gozel ◽  
Wulfram Gerstner
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Pattern Separation ◽  
Cell Maturation ◽  
Newborn Cell ◽  
Newborn Neurons

SummaryIn adult dentate gyrus neurogenesis, the link between maturation of newborn neurons and their function, such as behavioral pattern separation, has remained puzzling. By analyzing a theoretical model, we show that the switch from excitation to inhibition of the GABAergic input onto maturing newborn cells is crucial for their proper functional integration. When the GABAergic input is excitatory, cooperativity drives the growth of synapses such that newborn cells become sensitive to stimuli similar to those that activate mature cells. When GABAergic input switches to inhibitory, competition pushes the configuration of synapses onto newborn cells towards stimuli that are different from previously stored ones. This enables the maturing newborn cells to code for concepts that are novel, yet similar to familiar ones. Our theory of newborn cell maturation explains both how adult-born dentate granule cells integrate into the preexisting network and why they promote separation of similar but not distinct patterns.

Functional Integration of Adult-Generated Granule Cells into Hippocampal Memory

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Tsuyuoshi
Keyword(s):  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Memory Circuits ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Throughout adulthood new neurons are continuously added to the dentate gyrus, a hippocampal sub-region that plays a critical role in learning. Our recent studies have used immunohistochemical approaches to visualize the recruitment of these new neurons into circuits supporting water maze memories in intact animals. We showed that functional integration of these adult-generated granule cells into memory circuits proceeds in a maturation-dependent manner, with new granule cells not contributing in significant numbers until they are 4 weeks or older in age. Our current studies are designed to define the range of conditions under which adult-generated granule cells contribute to hippocampal memory formation and focus, in particular, on three issues. First, the hippocampus is involved in multiple forms of spatial and non-spatial memory: Does integration depend upon the type of memory being formed? Second, levels of adult neurogenesis decline exponentially with age and are regulated by a large number of genetic and environmental factors: Does the availability of new neurons affect their rate of incorporation? Third, the dentate gyrus is composed of neurons generated embyonically and postnatally, as well as those throughout adulthood: Are developmentally- and adult-generated neurons incorporated into memory networks at the same or different rates?

Knockdown of the glucocorticoid receptor alters functional integration of newborn neurons in the adult hippocampus and impairs fear-motivated behavior

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 993-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
C P Fitzsimons ◽  
L W A van Hooijdonk ◽  
M Schouten ◽  
I Zalachoras ◽  
V Brinks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Motivated Behavior ◽  
Adult Hippocampus ◽  
Newborn Neurons
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